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Journal of Russian Laser Research

Revealing quantum phenomena with a parametrically driven nonlinear Kerr resonator

Sisay Belachew, Firomsa Feyissa, Fantahun Talew, Mohammed Kelif

Published Sep 23, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10946-026-10327-z

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We discuss phase-locking phenomenon at low-level of quanta and quantum statistics for parametrically driven nonlinear Kerr resonator (PDNR). Oscillatory mode of PDNR is created in the process of a degenerate down-conversion of photons under interaction with a train of external Gaussian pulses. We calculate the distribution of photon-number states, the second-order correlation function of photons, the Wigner functions of cavity mode showing two-fold symmetry in phase space, and we analyze formation of phase-locked states in the regular as well as the quantum chaotic regime of the PDNR.
The parametrically pumped Kerr model describes a driven-dissipative nonlinear cavity, whose nonequilibrium phase diagram features both continuous and discontinuous quantum phase transitions. We consider the consequences of these critical phenomena for the fluctuations of the photocurrent obtained via continuous weak measurements on the cavity. Considering both direct photodetection and homodyne detection schemes, we find that the current fluctuations diverge exponentially at the discontinuous phase transition. However, we find strikingly different current fluctuations for these two detection schemes near the continuous transition, a behavior which is explained by the complementary information revealed by measurements in different bases. To obtain these results, we develop formulas to efficiently compute the diffusion coefficient---which characterizes the long-time current fluctuations---directly from the quantum master equation, thus connecting the formalisms of full counting statistics and stochastic quantum trajectories. Our findings highlight the rich features of current fluctuations near nonequilibrium phase transitions in quantum-optical systems.
Parametrically driven cavity solitons (PDCS), unlike single-pumped cavity solitons, are localized optical pulses arising from parametric processes. These cavity solitons, recently discovered in pure-Kerr media, offer great promise for nonlinear dynamics studies and metrology. Here, we present the first multimode quantum description of pure-Kerr PDCS. In the below threshold regime, we verify single- and two-mode squeezing, while above threshold we uncover novel "quantum" dispersive waves - the quantum analog of soliton Cherenkov radiation. Besides revealing these unexplored quantum properties, we show that PDCS generates up to 20 dB of squeezing, only limited by overcoupling and intrinsic losses for experimentally routine parameters. We therefore provide a pathway to observe strong multimode quantum noise reduction in these systems.