Finite Determinacy (FD) was developed from a representational question: whether theuse of real numbers for physical quantities should be read as implying arbitrarily precisephysical determination. Replacing that idealisation by objectively finite determinationleads to bounded shared resolution depth for related records. Close finite-informationand relational antecedents in quantum foundations were identified subsequently and areacknowledged here; they were not the route by which the present framework was developed,and no historical priority is claimed for those principles. This companion paper asks whatdynamical restrictions follow once the resulting finite-record geometry is combined withexplicit finite-rate premises.For self-containment the paper first reproduces the common foundation: bounded jointdepth and split-invariant refinement give exponential resolution and a non-zero two-registerwidth-product floor; a homogeneous, finitely additive area regularity promotes that scalarconstraint to a local area measure; and a primitive tick/readout role asymmetry suppliesorientation, after which the two-member sector is symplectic. The positive symmetric formused for compatible complex structure remains an independent structural input. Dynamicsthen adds a universal pace ceiling rmax, a saturated intra-pair exchange ceiling |dv/du| ≤ L,and an inter-pair causal conversion c∗. In the quantum branch, explicit coherent-recordand record-faithfulness assumptions lead through Weyl–Heisenberg representation theoryto finite-step unitary evolution and the Schrödinger law-form. In the gauge branch, recordgeneratedtransport and holonomy lead, under a minimal local reversible continuum closure,to Yang–Mills curvature-square dynamics. In gravity, locality, reversibility and isotropy givea minimal hyperbolic principal part, while an explicit spatially relational continuum closureleaves two transverse-traceless modes.The proposed contribution is therefore not a new finiteness or relationality principle,nor an exclusive derivation of familiar terminal equations. It is an independently developedfinite-geometric route from the physical interpretation of real-number representation to acommon pre-Hilbert, pre-gauge and pre-metric substrate, followed by sector-specific dynamicalconsistency conditions.
Finite Determinacy (FD) was developed from a representational question: whether theuse of real numbers for physical quantities should be read as implying arbitrarily precisephysical determination. Replacing that idealisation by objectively finite determinationleads to bounded shared resolution depth for related records. Close finite-informationand relational antecedents in quantum foundations were identified subsequently and areacknowledged here; they were not the route by which the present framework was developed,and no historical priority is claimed for those principles. This companion paper asks whatdynamical restrictions follow once the resulting finite-record geometry is combined withexplicit finite-rate premises.For self-containment the paper first reproduces the common foundation: bounded jointdepth and split-invariant refinement give exponential resolution and a non-zero two-registerwidth-product floor; a homogeneous, finitely additive area regularity promotes that scalarconstraint to a local area measure; and a primitive tick/readout role asymmetry suppliesorientation, after which the two-member sector is symplectic. The positive symmetric formused for compatible complex structure remains an independent structural input. Dynamicsthen adds a universal pace ceiling rmax, a saturated intra-pair exchange ceiling |dv/du| ≤ L,and an inter-pair causal conversion c∗. In the quantum branch, explicit coherent-recordand record-faithfulness assumptions lead through Weyl–Heisenberg representation theoryto finite-step unitary evolution and the Schrödinger law-form. In the gauge branch, recordgeneratedtransport and holonomy lead, under a minimal local reversible continuum closure,to Yang–Mills curvature-square dynamics. In gravity, locality, reversibility and isotropy givea minimal hyperbolic principal part, while an explicit spatially relational continuum closureleaves two transverse-traceless modes.The proposed contribution is therefore not a new finiteness or relationality principle,nor an exclusive derivation of familiar terminal equations. It is an independently developedfinite-geometric route from the physical interpretation of real-number representation to acommon pre-Hilbert, pre-gauge and pre-metric substrate, followed by sector-specific dynamicalconsistency conditions.
Finite Determinacy was developed from a representational question: whether the use ofreal numbers for physical quantities should be read as implying arbitrarily precise physicaldetermination. Replacing that idealisation by objectively finite determination leads to abounded shared resolution depth for related records. Close finite-information and relationalantecedents in quantum foundations were identified subsequently and are acknowledged here;no historical priority is claimed for those principles. The distinctive step investigated is theirfinite-geometric implementation. Split-invariant refinement forces exponential resolutionand a non-zero two-register width product. An explicit homogeneous, finitely additive arearegularity promotes that scalar cell constraint to a local area measure, while a primitivetick/readout role asymmetry supplies orientation; only then is the two-member sectorsymplectic. Three downstream developments are studied. Oriented inter-copy recordsgenerate compatible complex and unitary internal structure and gauge-connection kinematics.Finite record contexts, with an explicit noncontextual complete-context invariance assumptionand finite additivity, yield a quadratic primitive weight and the finite Born form. Persistentrelational frustration gives a graph-Laplacian equilibrium with a 1/r exterior response inan isotropic three-dimensional continuum. The proposed contribution is therefore not anew finiteness principle but an independently developed finite-geometric route from therepresentation of physical quantities to a common pre-Hilbert, pre-gauge and pre-metricsubstrate for these three sectors.
A physical quantity is taken to have finitely many determinate digits rather than a realvalue partially resolved, the continuum being an idealisation the world does not honour.This paper develops the consequences by rank. An object is a family of related quantitiessharing one bounded joint depth — relatedness only is assumed, not conjugacy — and theexponential resolution law and a conversion cocycle follow, while parity separates closedfamilies from constrained ones. Reciprocal resolution, the antisymmetric form and a compatiblecomplex structure are each derived rather than posited, so what is usually takenas the canonical structure of a pair is here an output. A counting argument shows that norelation between pairs exists below rank two, so the single-pair theory is complete ratherthan deficient. The antisymmetric form is then assembled from a relation, which suppliescoupling, and from roles, which supply orientation and are primitive. A second and strictlystronger premise, a pointwise ceiling on record density, yields exact content-space results:an entropy floor, a characterisation of saturation as uniform product support, and a sharpvariance bound from confinement alone. Criticality is characterised as a crossover betweencompeting ceilings, first within a pair and then, at rank two and above, between them. Aclosing section collects results establishing what the construction provably cannot do, includingthat no scale-invariant datum can fix a scale-covariant normalisation. The axiomsare shown to admit a classical model, so quantum structure is not claimed to follow fromthem.
This paper develops finite temporal observability in two parts, with a third in a companion[1]. Part I isolates the structure of a single finite-observability conjugate pair (u, v) andpushes it as far as it goes with no specific physical identification assumed. A finite observerresolves real registers whose entire content is a dimensionless ledger of distinctions, capped atλmax and carrying a total λ+ and a split λ−; positing the symplectic pairing dresses these asthe cell area K = δu δv and the slope Luv = δv/δu. A single shared distinguishability ledgerthen makes the reciprocal cell a consequence — split-invariance forces exponential resolutionmaps, the cell boundary is the full-budget locus, and the saturated cell carries the compatiblecomplex structure supplying the bracket’s imaginary unit. From this alone follow noncommutativityat scale K, the complex unit, an implied wave with a Born rule read as a Fubini–Studytransition probability, a causal bound with one unconditional theorem (the causal slope equivalentto non-negative mass-squared), a reversible generator, the forced first-order (Clifford) form,the non-fixability of the scale, and composite objects as differentiated cell bundles. The singleresidue of the wave construction — the Wallstrom single-valuedness condition — is reduced tothe cell’s prequantum integrality, leaving the integral period 2πK as the one named quantuminput rather than a free-standing posit. Part II supplies the physical reading — the conjugatepairexploration. Validated on the regular pairs the wave is Schr¨odinger’s, the bound is therelativistic mass-shell with L = c, and the first-order form is Dirac’s; extended to exotic pairs(horizon angle and area, holonomy and flux, modular flow and entangling area, the cosmologicalconstant and four-volume) a single per-pair criterion — whether the exchange rate Luv vanishes— sorts discrete from continuous spectra, consistent with the careful literature each time; and asurvey of laboratory prospects finds the frontier mapped but no forced, allowed, novel signature.The architectural extensions to gauge fields and gravity — fermionic statistics from stability,the gauge coupling from comparing cells, and the metric with the Lovelock field equations —are developed in the companion [1]. Every claim is graded — theorem, conditional construction,or candidate route. The whole is offered as a constraint grammar of possible universes, not aderivation of ours.
A finitist, relational axiomatization of physics: quantum theory and a relativity sector derived from four axioms about group-valued relations and closure. Contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics (Born rule derivation, quantum reconstruction, local tomography, complex field selection), the emergence of time and causal structure in discrete networks, discrete Noether theorems, lattice gauge structure, and the Schrödinger equation derived by two independent routes. Every claim is graded in a Claim Ledger; every numerical claim is machine-verified with archived scripts; negative results are reported at full strength. What this paper does The universe is taken to be constituted by relations rather than objects. Stable relations form closures (self-consistent cycles) whose holonomies carry the physical content. Four axioms — primacy of relations (group-valued, edge-borne), closure stability, chirality from order, and observation as bidirectional group exchange — yield, at explicitly graded and conditional levels: Quantum sector Exchange-completeness theorems for finite label groups: abelian at all cycle ranks; non-abelian on the single cycle (Wilson readouts plus class-sum convolutions generate the full matrix algebra); the multi-cycle non-abelian case on the operational-equivalence quotient, with the obstruction completely characterized via class-preserving outer automorphisms — and the quotient's necessity now stratified by the source of word blindness (see New in Version 24.0). The Born rule, proved for finite abelian networks from a strictly weaker relational readout premise (statistics of realizable effects depend only on relational content); non-contextuality has this single source; additivity is basis-relative and declared as such. The Schrödinger equation by two routes of unequal premise grade, maintained side by side: a spectral route — the action operator is a weighted Cayley-graph Laplacian in the Pontryagin dual basis, the derived Gibbs state's unique canonical (modular) flow yields the Schrödinger equation with Hamiltonian equal to the action operator, no continuum limit, zero conjectures consumed, the single non-theorem step one flagged identification; and a Madelung route — physical and mechanism-rich (probability density derived from constraint gaps), valid exactly on the domain of the pseudo-continuity conjecture, with its full premise bill stated (continuity equation, Wallstrom circulation condition, m, V). A dedicated comparison subsection gives the line-by-line premise accounting and the machine-measured agreement region. Complex field selection: ℂ selected over ℝ and ℍ within the GPT comparison class in the covered sectors, with a second independent route from chirality (Frobenius–Schur dichotomy, quaternionic double exclusion); "uniquely selected" expressly not claimed. Positivity as pairing: all five in-text positive-semidefiniteness theorems traced to one mechanism (M = B†B with native factor); the Kraus form and complete positivity derived rather than assumed. The Noether sector on Noether's two theorems exactly: Noether I recovered on the holonomy action (compact Lie realization); Noether II identified as present (Bianchi as horn-filling, Schläfli as its Regge form); selection rules recovered for finite groups; the GNS bridge proved non-vacuously on the full exchange algebra; the sole potential extension — conservation as the kernel of exchange — isolated as a registered conjecture, consumed nowhere. A local–global representation theorem: six generative quantities (closure invariant, flux quantization, Weyl phase, non-abelian Stokes, orientation visibility, terminal normalization) are evaluations of cohomology classes against closed chains — one syntax, six exact machine probes. The gatekeeper no-go theorems registered and discharged: Kochen–Specker (the framework posits no global valuation — outcomes are resolutions of constraint gaps, and basis-relative additivity blocks state-independent variants), Pusey–Barrett–Rudolph (the statistical envelope is over resolutions yet to happen, not values already held; machine witness: identical configuration ensembles with opposite relative phase have opposite statistics), Wallstrom (registered as an explicit input, structurally discharged in the finite-abelian sector), Hegerfeldt (the Lieb–Robinson exponential tail identified as the only claimable front form for the continuum limit), Frauchiger–Renner (cross-agent certainty transfer presupposes kernel-free record transport, exactly what exchange-incompleteness excludes), and no-cloning (inherited in the covered sectors); Conway–Kochen and Colbeck–Renner noted as concordant. Relativity sector Time from finite capacity plus genuine randomness: the staging theorem (Θ(d) dependency depth, unbounded chains via the Moore bound; the quantitative failure law conditionalized on measure-level independence with exact minimal witnesses); the temporal quantum defined combinatorially, no Hamiltonian input. The speed of light grounded in an exact discrete dependency cone (combinatorial, no quantum input), the Lieb–Robinson bound consumed at cross-check grade only; a boost no-go theorem reducing Lorentz invariance to named statistical conditions, with the Collins fine-tuning objection recorded as a gate. The trace-descent theorem group: the growth-history measure forced onto the Mazurkiewicz trace quotient; chain reflection positivity at every depth with completely explicit spectrum. An equation sector of nine verification families (Schrödinger, Dirac, Maxwell/U(1), canonical commutator, Yang–Mills SU(2), Regge calculus, Klein–Gordon, Noether loop, Cartan curvature), where every machine-precision claim is the shadow of a proved backbone lemma — including the factor ½ of H = ½L + V, identified as the Wilson Fourier coefficient fixed by the action theorem. Four experimentally testable predictions, including a discriminating flat-versus-sigmoid visibility protocol. The Standard Model gauge group, ħ, and G remain open, with attack routes registered. How to read Three entry paths are marked in the document. Path A (derivational core): axioms → group structure → Noether sector → least action → Born rule → positivity. Path B (physical mechanisms): constraint propagation → time as determination → wave function as gap envelope → fields. Path C (scope and limits): the Claim Ledger, then Discussion and Open Problems — for the reader who wants to know what is claimed and what is not before reading anything else. The Claim Ledger is the single authoritative register of claim status; wherever body text sounds stronger, the Ledger governs. New in Version 24.0 (Version 23.0 is the immediately preceding public release; this version supersedes the internal V12–V15 and V17–V19 series, whose numbers are not used externally.) Version 24.0 resolves the structure of the multi-cycle non-abelian obstruction — the sector's longest-standing open front — following an external research exchange with three rounds of independent re-verification (fourteen core figures, three commutant instruments implemented independently, exact integer arithmetic on the obstruction side) and two rounds of counter-review that corrected one quantifier on each side: A dichotomy of the multi-cycle obstruction (new remark). Word blindness on multi-cycle networks has two identified sources, jointly covering every tested case, with opposite behaviour as cycle rank grows. Type I (global; graded): a class-preserving outer automorphism yields a commutant element by an argument free of cycle-rank reference; its non-triviality holds at theorem grade for b₁ ≥ d(G) via generating tuples, is monotone in b₁, and the threshold is measured at b_σ = 2 on the tested Wall group (at b₁ = 1 the permutation is the identity — no universal claim is made, and the existence of groups with threshold above 2 is registered open). Type II (local; measured): Out_c trivial but fusion fails on a proper subgroup, the blind pairs sitting in non-generating sectors — the same mechanism that defeats Wilson generation; this blindness heals: on every verified group (A₄, SL(2,3), A₄×ℤ₂) the full commutant collapses to trivial at b₁ = 3 by exact computation on two independently implemented instruments, although word readouts remain blind — the shift primitives separate, above a threshold, and the natural explanation (tuples becoming generating) is refuted by the persistence of blind blocks. Three boundaries at full strength: no exhaustiveness proof (a third source is not excluded); no general healing theorem (the verified groups all heal at 3, cause unidentified); the verified Type II sample is narrow. The quotient proposition restated in stratified form. The operational-equivalence quotient's necessity is now part of the proposition's own statement, in three strata: necessary where Out_c ≠ 1 at every b₁ ≥ b_σ(G), with b_σ ≤ d(G) at theorem grade; one-dimensional at b₁ = 2 on the fusion-type groups (verified cases); trivial at b₁ ≥ 3 on every verified fusion-type group and at every tested b₁ for word-separation-complete groups (a fourteen-group scan of orders ≤ 31 found no third source). Pre-registered validation preceded the restatement: a stratification-exhaustiveness scan (pass), a new-witness search (no new witness in range, downgrade clause applied as pre-registered), and a zero-conflict audit of the three strata against all archived data. The residual open problem is now precisely located. What remains of multi-cycle completeness: the rare Out_c ≠ 1 groups (54 in the exhaustive range through order 96) above their measured thresholds, the low-b₁ fusion stratum, a general healing theorem, and whether a threshold above 2 occurs. The multiplicity-freeness conjecture's mechanism sentence is corrected with the two regimes stated separately (at b₁ = 2 the shifts do not separate — the blind-pair transposition commutes with every primitive, integer-exact — and reduce the commutant to
Finite Closure as the Unified Primitive: Emergence of Quantum Mechanics, Discrete Gravity, and Relativistic Structure (Paper 3) Abstract This paper completes the structural programme initiated in Reality is What Misspoken Language Cannot Deliver (Rev18) by deriving quantum mechanics, discrete gravity, and relativistic structure from a single finite reversible closure substrate. The previous Rev18 paper established the geometric scaffolding; finite distinguishable states under entropy bounds, closure algebra as primitive, holonomy defect curvature and Regge type discrete gravity converging conditionally to the Einstein / Hilbert action. The present work supplies the representation scaffolding. From finite reversible closure and amplitude additivity, we show that a linear state container is forced. Invariant comparability uniquely selects an inner-product structure. Local tomography selects the complex field, excluding real and quaternionic fundamental scalars under standard composition. The Born rule arises as the unique non-contextual additive measure on projectors consistent with unitary invariance. Tensor composition yields entanglement and operator norm geometry enforces the Tsirelson bound, excluding PR-box correlations within the closure derived Hilbert structure. On the geometric side, closure defects embed into weighted Regge curvature via holonomy-conjugacy classes. Under standard refinement conditions (bounded curvature, non-degenerate simplices) the Regge action converges to the Einstein / Hilbert action. Local Minkowski structure appears as the vanishing-curvature tangent limit. Closure is taken as more primitive than both unitary and “Lorentzian, these are representation languages for different compressions of the same finite reversible substrate. No dual ontology is introduced. Introduction Modern physics employs two highly successful but linguistically separated frameworks; quantum Hilbert structure and Lorentzian spacetime geometry. Their mathematical forms are well established, yet their joint ontological status remains debated. In Reality is What Misspoken Language Cannot Deliver (Rev18). Reality is What Misspoken Language a closure-first ontology was developed in which;- Bounded entropy per bounded region excludes primitive continuum; Finite distinguishable regional states form the primitive substrate; Deterministic, composable, reversible updates form a closure group; Closure defects correspond to holonomy elements; Weighted hinge sums reproduce Regge discrete curvature and Under refinement assumptions, the discrete action converges to Einstein / Hilbert. The prior Rev18 paper therefore provided the geometric scaffolding; discrete gravity from finite closure. The present paper extends that scaffolding upward into the quantum representation layer. It asks: If finite reversible closure is primitive, what state representation is forced when coherent overlap is admitted? The answer is not assumed but derived;- Amplitude additivity forces linear structure; Invariant comparability forces inner product geometry; Local tomography selects the complex field; Non-contextual additive projector measures yield the Born rule; Tensor composition yields entanglement and Operator-norm structure enforces Tsirelson rigidity. Thus the same primitive closure substrate underwrites: Finite reversible closure;- Complex Hilbert representation Born rule Tsirelson bound Weighted Regge curvature Einstein / Hilbert limit Local special relativity Unitary and Lorentzian structures emerge as representation languages of the same finite closure primitive.
This paper introduces a constraint-first framework for physical law based on a single structural requirement: that distinctions and correlations be enforceable without contradiction under finite capacity. Rather than proposing new dynamics, entities, or microscopic mechanisms, the work reframes foundational questions in physics by asking a prior question—under what conditions is physical description itself possible? Central to the framework is the recognition that correlation enforcement cannot be unlimited. From this finiteness follows a notion of admissibility, separating correlation structures that can be jointly realized from those that are structurally incoherent, independent of probability or dynamics. Geometry, time, entropy, and global state descriptions are treated not as universal primitives, but as regime-dependent representations that emerge when enforcement constraints can be smoothly distributed—and fail when they cannot. Within this perspective, long-standing foundational puzzles—such as the arrow of time, entropy bounds, horizon paradoxes, and the breakdown of global descriptions—are reinterpreted as signals of regime mismatch rather than failures of physical law. Apparent paradoxes arise when descriptive tools are extrapolated beyond the regimes in which their enforcement is possible. The paper is deliberately pre-dynamical. It does not modify quantum mechanics or general relativity, nor does it derive specific equations or predictions. Its contribution is structural: to articulate the minimal conditions that any coherent physical description must satisfy, and to clarify why familiar physical structures appear where they do, persist where they can, and fail where they must. This work serves as the conceptual foundation for a companion technical paper that formalizes admissibility and finite correlation capacity as a calculus. Together, the papers aim to delineate the boundary between meaningful physical description and questions that cannot be consistently posed. About the series. Admissibility Physics derives the Standard Model gauge group, fermion content, quantum formalism, Lorentzian spacetime, the Einstein field equations, the cosmological constant, and the neutrino, strong-CP, and dark sectors from a single assumption — that enforcement is finite at every causally connected region — with zero free parameters. The core derivation runs Papers 0–11; the extension papers carry the individual sectors. Each paper's main text and Technical Supplement is deposited separately, and every quantitative claim traces to a named, executable check in the public theorem bank (over 3,800 bank-registered theorems across roughly 450 modules, 48 quantitative predictions). Website: admissibilityphysics.com. Engine and theorem bank: https://github.com/Ethan-Brooke/APF-Engine. Full series and latest deposits: Zenodo community admissibility_physics. The Engine — Admissibility Physics: An Executable Constraint Framework and Constants Map — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18529115. Paper 0 — What Physics Permits: A Constraint-First Framework for Physics — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439523 Paper 1 — The Enforceability of Distinction — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439200 Paper 2 — Finite Admissibility and the Failure of Global Description — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439274 Paper 3 — Entropy, Time, and Accumulated Cost — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439363 Paper 4 — Admissibility Constraints and Structural Saturation — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439397 Paper 5 — Quantum Structure from Finite Enforceability — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439433 Paper 6 — Dynamics and Geometry as Optimal Admissible Reallocation — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439445 Paper 7 — A Minimal Quantum of Action from Finite Admissibility — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18439513 Paper 8 — The Admissibility-Capacity Ledger — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19721384 Paper 9 — The Geometric Substrate as Cost Structure of Comparison Continuations — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20041675 Paper 10 — The Calculus of Finite Continuability — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20041680 Paper 11 — Forced Universality from Capacity-Bounded Admissibility — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684198 Paper 13 — The Minimal Admissibility Core — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18361446 Paper 16 — Markov Breakdown and the Hard Problems — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684207 Paper 18 — The Electroweak Sector as a Capacity Equilibrium — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684209 Paper 20 — The Enforcement Crystal — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.18531732 Paper 24 — The Recruitment-Radius Extension — Foundations — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684211 Paper 28 — Absolute Mass Scales from Electroweak Capacity Saturation — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684215 Paper 29 — Plaquette Representation Dominance and Confinement — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684218 Paper 30 — A Tube Mechanism for the Lattice Mass Gap — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684220 Paper 31 — Osterwalder–Schrader Structure of Lattice Yang–Mills — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684222 Paper 33 — Trace-to-Scheme Export Architecture — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684224 Paper 35 — The Dark Sector as a Two-Role Capacity Decomposition — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684228 Paper 40 — The Thermodynamics of Finite Distinction (Between Symmetry and the Void) — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684235 Paper 41 — The Horizon as a Continuation Ledger — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684241 Paper 42 — The Weak Mixing Angle Is Not Free — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20684245 Paper 43 — The Neutrino Sector — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21194191 Paper 44 — What a Finite Theory Owes the Continuum — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21195874 Paper 45 — What the Vacuum Can Keep — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21194195 Paper 46 — The Strong CP Angle Is Not Free — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21194197 Paper 47 — The Confinement Antecedent Is Not Forced — DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21194199 Technical Supplements cross-link to their main paper via isSupplementTo and to the engine via isDocumentedBy. Concept DOIs above resolve to the latest version. Author. Ethan Brooke, Independent Researcher, San Anselmo, California, USA. ORCID: 0009-0001-2261-4682 LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/ethanbrooke GitHub: github.com/Ethan-Brooke Contact: brooke.ethan@gmail.com