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Quantum Interference Term Explains Conjunction Fallacy via Phase Difference — E8 Intelligence Research

Andrew Stewart Caldin

Published Sep 15, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

FINDING: Quantum decision theory explains the conjunction fallacy via an interference term proportional to cos(δ), where δ is the phase difference between cognitive state vectors — this is a direct quantum probability correction to classical Bayesian conjunction. MATH: - Classical conjunction: P(A∧B) ≤ P(A), P(B) — violated in experiments. - Quantum probability: P(A∧B) = |⟨ψ|P̂_A P̂_B|ψ⟩|² = P(A)P(B) + 2√(P(A)P(B))·cos(δ) · √(P(Ā)P(B̄)) — the interference term is the key. - For maximal violation, cos(δ) = 1/2 → δ = π/3 (60°), giving P(A∧B) = P(A)P(B) + √(P(A)P(B)P(Ā)P(B̄)). - Fermi's Golden Rule: transition rate W = (2π/ℏ)|V_ab|² ρ(E) — the sinc²(ΔE t/2ℏ) distribution integrates to δ(E_f − E_i), a resonance condition. - Golden ratio appears when the interference term is maximized relative to classical: setting P(A)=P(B)=φ⁻¹ ≈ 0.618 yields the largest quantum enhancement — because φ⁻¹ satisfies φ⁻¹ = 1 − φ⁻¹ (self-similarity). CONNECTION: - The 60° phase (π/3) is the Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.22762565

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