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Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version)

Reception and Demodulation of Long-Wave Time Service Signals Based on Rydberg Atoms

Ziyi Tan, Xiaokai Hou, CAO Genwei, Hong Chang, Chao Xu, Ying Wang, Mingtao Cao, Ruifang Dong, Xiaochun LU, Shougang Zhang

Published Aug 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1360/csb-2026-0885

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里德伯原子对长波电信号具有高灵敏接收能力, 是解决地基长波授时系统在边远区域因信号微弱导致授时性能下降的关键技术. 然而, 在里德伯原子的电场测量中, 罗兰-C信号面临原子气室静电屏蔽效应和倍频噪声引起的保真度下降问题. 本研究采用双光子方案制备里德伯态原子, 结合调制转移光谱(MTS)和电磁诱导透明(EIT)频率稳定系统以及馈入强直流场的内置平行极板气室, 实现对罗兰-C信号的高保真接收, 单脉冲保真度为98.0%、包周差为0.08 μs; 接收脉冲组奇偶周期信号并展示其相位反转特性. 本研究为里德伯原子接收解调长波授时信息提供关键技术支撑, 有望推动高灵敏度长波授时信号监测评估体系发展.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations
Rydberg atoms, due to their large polarizabilities and strong transition dipole moments, have been utilized as sensitive electric field sensors. While their ability to detect modulated signals has been previously demonstrated, these studies have largely been limited to laboratory-generated signals tailored specifically to atomic detection. Here, we extend the practical applicability of Rydberg sensors by demonstrating the reception of real-world frequency-modulated (FM) audio transmissions using a consumer-grade handheld two-way radio operating in the UHF band. Detection is based on the ac Stark shift induced by the radio signal in a Rydberg atomic vapor, with demodulation performed using an offset local oscillator and lock-in amplification. We successfully demodulate speech signals and evaluate the audio spectral response and reception range. We show that all consumer-accessible radio channels can be simultaneously detected, and demonstrate simultaneous reception of two neighboring channels with at least 53 dB of isolation. This work underscores the potential of Rydberg atom-based receivers for practical, real-world FM signal detection.
Abstract Rydberg atom-based time-receiving systems enable high-sensitivity demodulation of long-wave signals for precise one-pulse-per-second (1PPS) output, surpassing the limitations of conventional long-wave receivers. Here, we first report the theoretical and experimental demonstration of a nanosecond-jitter Rydberg time-receiving system for eLoran signals. We establish a novel theoretical model that quantitatively reveals the relationship between timing jitter and system parameters, exemplified by the DC Stark shift and the coupling-beam Rabi frequency. Experimentally, we first demonstrate 1PPS timing output based on an atomic system, achieving a root-mean-square (RMS) timing jitter of 27.90 ± 0.39 ns. Furthermore, we demonstrate the timing performance of our system across high-noise conditions and at low input signal amplitudes, validating its robustness under practical weak eLoran signal conditions. This work validates the feasibility of Rydberg atom-based architectures for high-precision ground-based timing and establishes a performance benchmark for next-generation atomic-optical positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) systems.
里德伯原子对长波电信号具有高灵敏接收能力, 是解决地基长波授时系统在边远区域因信号微弱导致授时性能下降的关键技术. 然而, 在里德伯原子的电场测量中, 罗兰-C信号面临原子气室静电屏蔽效应和倍频噪声引起的保真度下降问题. 本研究采用双光子方案制备里德伯态原子, 结合调制转移光谱(MTS)和电磁诱导透明(EIT)频率稳定系统以及馈入强直流场的内置平行极板气室, 实现对罗兰-C信号的高保真接收, 单脉冲保真度为98.0%、包周差为0.08 μs; 接收脉冲组奇偶周期信号并展示其相位反转特性. 本研究为里德伯原子接收解调长波授时信息提供关键技术支撑, 有望推动高灵敏度长波授时信号监测评估体系发展.