Topological Quantum State Based Quantum Key Distribution Protocol
Jincheng Zhang
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol leveraging the inherent properties of topological quantum states. The core claim is to enhance key security and transmission distance by exploiting the robustness offered by topological protection. The protocol utilizes entanglement between topological qubits and employs phase control and measurement to achieve secure key encryption and distribution. The fundamental mechanism relies on the high fidelity of topological quantum states to mitigate eavesdropping attacks. We demonstrate that this approach overcomes the limitations of conventional QKD protocols that are susceptible to environmental noise due to weak qubit interactions. The protocol offers a promising pathway for long-distance QKD, particularly in environments where maintaining the coherence of individual qubits is challenging. The key mathematical elements of the protocol are presented, including the state preparation, entanglement distribution, key sifting, and error correction phases. The theoretical analysis highlights the security advantages derived from the topological protection mechanism.