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Attenuated Total Reflection Signals from Rb Vapor

Taro ITO, 三宅, 宏司

Published Feb 28, 1993• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Attenuated total reflection(ATR)signals have been studied at an interface between Rb vapor and a glass using the Rb D_1 line.Resonance line shapes,amplitudes and linewidths have been observed to undergo remarkable changes for incidences of light near the critical angle.These experimental results have been found to agree well with the predictions of the conventional electromagnetic theory of light.|Rb気体とガラスの境界面における全反射減衰信号が,RbのD_1線を用いて調べられた。共鳴の線形や振幅および線幅が,臨界角近傍での入射光に対し,著しく変化するのが観測された。これらの実験結果は,光の電磁波理論から予測される事柄と良く一致することが見いだされた。

DOI
10.32287/td00005873

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Rb気体の選択反射信号の尖鋭化

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The selective reflection spectra of Rb D_1 line from a glass vapor interface has been studied as a function of incidence angles of light. It has been observed that the Doppler broadning of the spectra has been partially reduced for the nearly normal incidence of light to the interface, and that the 85Rb hyperfine structure of the excited state 2P_1/2, which is usually masked in the Doppler width, has been almost resolved as a result of the spectral narrowing. The observed line shapes are in good agreement with the theoretical ones including the effect of atom-wall collision.|Rb D_1線の境界面からの選択反射スペクトルが入射光角度の関数として調べられた。スペクトルのドップラー広がりが、境界面への垂直入射光に対して部分的に減少し、ドップラー幅に埋没している85Rbの励起状態2P_1/2の超微細構造が、このスペクトル尖鋭化の結果、ほとんど分解されるのが観測された。観測されたスペクトル線の形は原子と壁との衝突の効果を考慮した理論によるスペクトル線の形と良く一致している。

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Laser Beam Profile Influence on Dark Hanle Resonances in Rb Vapor

Aleksandar J. Krmpot, Senka Ćuk, Stanko N. Nikolić +3 more

Influence of two different laser beam profiles, the Gaussian and the Π (top hat) profile on the resonance line widths and amplitudes in the Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency was studied.The laser beam propagates through the vacuum Rb glass cell.Studies were done at D 1 line for the open 87 Rb: F g = 2 → F e = 1 transition.Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency was measured for the two beam profiles with the same total power and beam diameter and experimental results showed that Gaussian and the top hat profiles give different amplitudes and widths of the Hanle resonances.Resonances obtained from the top hat laser beam profile have lower amplitudes and higher line widths.

Acta Physica Polonica A•Oct 1, 2009•0 citations
Attenuated total reflection(ATR)signals have been studied at an interface between Rb vapor and a glass using the Rb D_1 line.Resonance line shapes,amplitudes and linewidths have been observed to undergo remarkable changes for incidences of light near the critical angle.These experimental results have been found to agree well with the predictions of the conventional electromagnetic theory of light.|Rb気体とガラスの境界面における全反射減衰信号が,RbのD_1線を用いて調べられた。共鳴の線形や振幅および線幅が,臨界角近傍での入射光に対し,著しく変化するのが観測された。これらの実験結果は,光の電磁波理論から予測される事柄と良く一致することが見いだされた。
The selective reflection spectra of Rb D_1 line from a glass vapor interface has been studied as a function of incidence angles of light. It has been observed that the Doppler broadning of the spectra has been partially reduced for the nearly normal incidence of light to the interface, and that the 85Rb hyperfine structure of the excited state 2P_1/2, which is usually masked in the Doppler width, has been almost resolved as a result of the spectral narrowing. The observed line shapes are in good agreement with the theoretical ones including the effect of atom-wall collision.|Rb D_1線の境界面からの選択反射スペクトルが入射光角度の関数として調べられた。スペクトルのドップラー広がりが、境界面への垂直入射光に対して部分的に減少し、ドップラー幅に埋没している85Rbの励起状態2P_1/2の超微細構造が、このスペクトル尖鋭化の結果、ほとんど分解されるのが観測された。観測されたスペクトル線の形は原子と壁との衝突の効果を考慮した理論によるスペクトル線の形と良く一致している。
Absorption spectrum of the evanescent light at a glass/Rb vapor interface has been observed with atom density from 9 ×10 19 m -3 to 5 ×10 20 m -3 . Absorption is as high as 60% at the peak of a hyperfine structure split line. The absorption spectrum of the experiment is compared with that of the calculation based on Fresnel's relation on the assumption of a homogeneous electric susceptibility of the vapor. Near the critical angle the calculation which incorporates the Lorentz–Lorenz local-field correction reproduces the experimental red shift only partly.
We have observed attenuated total reflection at a glass/rubidium vapor interface in high precision. The atom density was from $3.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{20}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}3.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{21}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$ and the angle of incidence was from 48.4 to 64.8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. Redshift and broadening of the reflection spectra were observed. The redshift depended on atom density, angle of incidence, light polarization and hyperfine structure. The observed broadening was attributed to the self-broadening of the resonance line. Calculation based on the Fresnel formula with a local index for the susceptibility of the vapor, which included the Lorentz local field correction and the modification of the wave vector of the evanescent light by the optically dense atomic vapor, was found to be in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.
A theory of selective reflection (SR) of a light beam from the interface of a dielectric medium and a dense atomic vapor is presented. Following another earlier work on this subject [J. Guo et al., Opt. Commun. 110, 732 (1994)], we calculate the atomic density matrix and the transmitted field in the vapor self-consistently. We extend our previous theory to include an attractive atom-dielectric wall interaction and multiple atomic transitions. We examine the limits at which the conventional SR theories, which are based on the assumption of a plane-wave field in the vapor, start to fail. It is shown that at or above vapor densities of order 1017{10}^{17}1017/cm3{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}cm3, the frequency shifts of the SR line shape due to the local-field correction (Lorentz-Lorenz shift), the atom-wall interaction, and the nonexponential attenuation of the field in the vapor can have comparable orders of magnitude, and the proper determination of all these effects is essential for calculating the correct SR signals. A comparison of the theoretical SR spectra with an experimental result for a Rb vapor with a density of order 1017{10}^{17}1017/cm3{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}cm3 is also presented. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Perpendicular reflection of low-power, near-resonant radiation at a sapphire--Rb-vapor interface (selective reflection) has been measured for Rb densities of $3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{14}--3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{17}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. At the lowest density the eight hyperfine components are essentially isolated, and at the highest pressure they are highly blended. The data have been fitted to a coherent superposition of the reflected field amplitudes of the eight components, including the well-known starting transient and wall interaction. At low to moderate densities this yields a good fit to the data, and a result for the Rb-Rb collisional shift. At the higher densities the rapid attenuation of the incident field has a major effect on the reflection spectrum, and an approximation to this is included in the calculation, assuming exponential attenuation at the equilibrium-vapor rate. This provides improved fits to the data and allows the apparent Lorentz-Lorenz plus collisional shift to be evaluated. However, the data do not fully fit this calculation, and a complete self-consistent-field calculation appears necessary to fully understand the high-pressure results.
Influence of two different laser beam profiles, the Gaussian and the Π (top hat) profile on the resonance line widths and amplitudes in the Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency was studied.The laser beam propagates through the vacuum Rb glass cell.Studies were done at D 1 line for the open 87 Rb: F g = 2 → F e = 1 transition.Hanle electromagnetically induced transparency was measured for the two beam profiles with the same total power and beam diameter and experimental results showed that Gaussian and the top hat profiles give different amplitudes and widths of the Hanle resonances.Resonances obtained from the top hat laser beam profile have lower amplitudes and higher line widths.