Computational Complexity Analysis of Quantum Algorithms using Information Theory

Jincheng Zhang

Published Sep 2, 2026• 0 citations

Abstract

This paper explores the application of information theory to analyze the computational complexity of quantum algorithms. Traditional approaches to complexity analysis often rely on circuit models and gate complexity, which can be insufficient for fully characterizing the resource requirements of quantum computation. We propose utilizing information-theoretic concepts, specifically quantum entropy and mutual information, to provide a more nuanced understanding of how quantum circuits process information. This approach allows us to quantify the information-theoretic limits of quantum algorithms, providing insights into the number of qubits and gates necessary for efficient execution. We examine several key aspects, including the role of entanglement, the impact of measurement, and the relationship between quantum entropy and algorithmic complexity. The goal is to establish a framework for assessing quantum algorithms based on their fundamental information-processing capabilities, moving beyond purely circuit-based evaluations. This work contributes to a deeper theoretical understanding of quantum computation and its potential limitations.

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22247266

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