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IEEE Communications Letters

Belief Propagation Decoding for Polar Codes Over Insertion-Deletion-Substitution Channels

Zhiyue Ji, Gaoxian Liu, Yuan Liu

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2026.3718956

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This paper presents a successive cancellation (SC) decoding of polar codes modified for insertion/deletion/substitution (IDS) error channels, in which insertions and deletions are described by drift values. The recursive calculation of the original SC decoding is modified to include the drift values as stochastic variables. The computational complexity of the modified SC decoding is O (D3) with respect to the maximum drift value D, and O (N log N) with respect to the code length N. The symmetric capacity of polar bit channel is estimated by computer simulations, and frozen bits are determined according to the estimated symmetric capacity. Simulation results show that the decoded error rate of polar code with the modified SC list decoding is lower than that of existing IDS error correction codes, such as marker-based code and spatially-coupled code.
This study investigates insertion, deletion, and substitution error correcting codes constructed with low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. The studies for insertion/deletion/substitution error correcting codes are few comparing with substitution error correcting codes. We improve insertion/deletion/substitution error correction capabilities of LDPC codes using slide decoding for modified check matrix. Our evaluation shows that the block error rate of the proposed method is lower than that of the conventional method using marker codes.