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Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physics

Two-Color Light Bullets in Crystals with Quasi-Resonant Impurity Centers

Sazonov S.V.

Published Jul 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The paper studies the conditions for the formation of two-color light bullets during the second-harmonic generation in a crystal with impurity quantum transitions that are quasi-resonant with respect to the fundamental frequency pulse. It is shown that the impurity atoms enable the formation of a bright light bullet in the case of domination of the group velocity mismatch of its components and a bright–dark bullet in the case of domination of the phase mismatch.

DOI
10.1134/s1062873826700851

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Abstract The paper studies the conditions for the formation of two-color light bullets during the second-harmonic generation in a crystal with impurity quantum transitions that are quasi-resonant with respect to the fundamental frequency pulse. It is shown that the impurity atoms enable the formation of a bright light bullet in the case of domination of the group velocity mismatch of its components and a bright–dark bullet in the case of domination of the phase mismatch.
Abstract We report a study of a soliton-like regime of second harmonic generation in a crystal containing impurity atoms with a quantum transition, which is quasi-resonant with respect to a laser pulse at the fundamental frequency. Mismatches of phase and group velocities are taken into account. It is shown that quasi-resonant impurities, on the one hand, lead to a decrease in the generation efficiency, and, on the other hand, they are capable of creating conditions for the implementation of a two-frequency soliton regime, which is impossible in their absence.
We investigate, theoretically, the generation of bright and vacuum-squeezed light as well as entanglement in intracavity, type II, phase-matched second-harmonic generation. The cavity in which the crystal is embedded is resonant at the fundamental frequency but not at the second-harmonic frequency. A simple model for the process using semiclassical theory is derived, and quadrature-squeezing spectra of the involved fundamental fields are deduced. The analysis shows that vacuum squeezing reminiscent of subthreshold optical parametric oscillator squeezing is present and, in the ideal case, perfect. Under slight modifications of the operational conditions, the system is shown to produce efficient bright, squeezed light. Furthermore, we investigate the degree of polarization squeezing and find that three Stokes parameters can be squeezed simultaneously. Finally, we gauge the process for possible entanglement.
We consider the conversion of monochromatic radiation in the case of resonant interaction with a quantum system under the condition of harmonic modulation of the quantum transition frequency by the action of additional nonresonant radiation due to the Stark or Zeeman effect, taking into account the inhomogeneous broadening of the quantum transition line. It is shown analytically and numerically that resonant radiation can be converted in a train of ultrashort pulses with a peak intensity exceeding manifold the incident wave intensity. The possibility of the additional compression of the produced pulses is studied by compensating the inherent frequency modulation in a medium with a quadratic or programmable dispersion. The optimal values of the radiation — matter interaction parameters are found numerically. It is shown that generation of femtosecond optical pulses of radiation quasi-resonant to the δ transition of the atomic hydrogen Balmer series is possible.
A numerical investigation is made of third harmonic generation (THG) under conditions of two-photon resonance between the fundamental frequency and a selected transition in the atoms of a medium. It is shown that under conditions of coherent interaction between the pump pulse and the medium, a THG efficiency of ∼20% or higher may be achieved. In this case, THG in the form of high-power ultrashort pulses may be obtained. It is shown that experimental observation of similar effects in specific media should not present particular difficulties.
We study numerically the propagation of two-color light pulses through a metamaterial doped with active atoms such that the carrier frequencies of the pulses are in resonance with two atomic transitions in the Λ configuration and that one color propagates in the regime of positive refraction and the other in the regime of negative refraction. In such a metamaterial, one resonant color of light propagates with positive and the other with negative group velocity. We investigate nonlinear interaction of these forward- and backward-propagating waves and find self-trapped waves, counterpropagating radiation waves, and hot spots of medium excitation.