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Laser Physics Letters

Hybrid bidirectional controlled quantum communication of a tripartite three-qubit entangled state

Qun-Yong Zhang, P F Ma, You-Bang Zhan

Published Jul 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We present a novel scheme for hybrid bidirectional controlled quantum communication (HBCQC) using a nine-qubit entangled state as the quantum channel. In this scheme, the two remote parties, Alice and Bob, act as both senders and receivers. Alice seeks to teleport an unknown single-qubit state to Bob; simultaneously, Bob intends to assist Alice in remotely preparing an arbitrary tripartite three-qubit entangled state. It is shown that the HBCQC can be completed successfully only if the two senders and the controller collaborate with one another. This scheme is well-suited for heterogeneous and uncoordinated quantum networks, and it advances both their practical implementation and theoretical foundations.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ae8507

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Abstract Using an eight-qubit entangled state as the quantum channel, we propose a novel bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation scheme involving three participants: a controller, Charlie, and two communicators, Alice and Bob. Alice can teleport an arbitrary two-qubit target entangled state to Bob, while Bob simultaneously teleports another two-qubit entangled target state back to Alice conditional on Charlie’s authorization and assistance. Compared with some existing schemes, the proposed scheme achieves higher intrinsic efficiency with lower operation complexity. Moreover, this scheme is practically feasible with currently available quantum technologies.
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Abstract This paper proposes a hybrid bidirectional quantum communication protocol, in which two parties simultaneously transmit two-qubit states: one via quantum teleportation (QT) and the other via remote state preparation (RSP). This approach establishes a more flexible model for bidirectional quantum communication. The protocol utilizes a specially designed maximally entangled quantum channel to enable hybrid bidirectional communication. By performing Bell measurements, joint projective measurements, and corresponding unitary operations, quantum teleportation from Alice to Bob and remote state preparation from Bob to Alice can be accomplished synchronously. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed protocol is evaluated under three typical noisy environments, namely the amplitude damping (AD) channel, phase damping(PD) channel and the depolarizing (DP) channel. The proposed protocol provides a novel framework for effcient bidirectional quantum communication, with potential advantages in enhancing interactivity and optimizing resource utilization in future quantum networks.
Abstract This paper proposes a hierarchical controlled bidirectional hybrid quantum information transmission (HCBHQIT) protocol for arbitrary two-qubit states based on a special ten-qubit entangled state. The protocol implements a hierarchical control mechanism where high-level agent Alice can complete quantum teleportation of any unknown two-qubit state to Bob with only one controller Charlie’s assistance, while low-level agent Bob requires collaborative control from both Charlie and an additional controller David to remotely prepare arbitrary known two-qubit states at Alice’s location (with Alice remaining completely unaware of the state). We comprehensively analyze protocol implementation in noisy environments, particularly examining fidelity degradation under various noise conditions, and calculate the intrinsic efficiency through comparative evaluations. The scheme innovatively integrates multi-level control architecture with bidirectional hybrid communication technology over a shared quantum channel, with detailed discussions for both ideal and noisy scenarios. Demonstrated to maintain practical value across multiple application scenarios, this protocol advances controllable quantum communication systems through its hierarchical access management and dual-directional information transfer capabilities.
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In this paper, a bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation via a nine-qubit entangled state is given. In this scheme, Alice wants to teleport a two-qubit entangled state to Bob and Bob wants to teleport arbitrary three-qubit state to Alice at the same time. The quantum teleportation is supervised by a controller. We firstly product a nine-qubit entangled states by the states |000000000⟩, and then we use this entangled states as quantum channel to transfer quantum information along three nodes. This scheme is efficient and economical because the intrinsic efficiency reaches 5/19.