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International Journal of Quantum Information

An anonymous electronic payment scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation

Mengdie Li, Daicao Wan, Meng Jing, Dianjun Lu, Jin Yang

Published Jun 27, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

With the in-depth development of the digital economy and the escalating demands for transaction security and quantum attack resistance in electronic payment scenarios, quantum signature is gradually emerging as a core research direction in the construction of electronic payment security systems. Addressing the requirements for anonymity and security in electronic payment scenarios, this paper proposes an electronic payment scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. During the implementation of the scheme, the quantum entanglement characteristics of the four-particle entangled state, the core logic of controlled quantum teleportation, the privacy protection features of proxy blind signature technology, and the technical advantages of superdense coding are integrated to provide security guarantees for the payment process. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme builds a payment system relying on quantum key distribution protocols, forming a payment system with information-theoretic security attributes. This effectively overcomes the limitation that traditional UnionPay payment systems rely on computational complexity at the security level. In addition, the scheme satisfies nonrepudiation and unforgeability and possesses the capability to resist interception-resending attacks.

DOI
10.1142/s0219749926500231

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With the in-depth development of the digital economy and the escalating demands for transaction security and quantum attack resistance in electronic payment scenarios, quantum signature is gradually emerging as a core research direction in the construction of electronic payment security systems. Addressing the requirements for anonymity and security in electronic payment scenarios, this paper proposes an electronic payment scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. During the implementation of the scheme, the quantum entanglement characteristics of the four-particle entangled state, the core logic of controlled quantum teleportation, the privacy protection features of proxy blind signature technology, and the technical advantages of superdense coding are integrated to provide security guarantees for the payment process. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme builds a payment system relying on quantum key distribution protocols, forming a payment system with information-theoretic security attributes. This effectively overcomes the limitation that traditional UnionPay payment systems rely on computational complexity at the security level. In addition, the scheme satisfies nonrepudiation and unforgeability and possesses the capability to resist interception-resending attacks.
We propose a UnionPay payment scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation in which the whole process is realized through correlation of the three-particle entangled state, controlled quantum teleportation, and the physical property of quantum mechanics. Combined with some typical quantum key distribution protocols, the proposed UnionPay payment scheme with unconditional security (information theory security)overcomes the limitation of computational security generally existing in traditional UnionPay payment systems.
Abstract A practical E-payment protocol is presented in this paper. It is based on quantum multi-proxy blind signature. Adopting the techniques of quantum key distribution, one-time pad and quantum multi-proxy blind signature, our E-payment system could protect user’s anonymity as the traditional E-payment systems do, and also have unconditional security, which the classical E-payment systems can not provide. Furthermore, compared with the existing quantum E-payment systems, this practical system could not only support mobile E-payment transactions but also inter-bank transactions .
In this paper, a new E-payment system based on quantum blind and group signature is proposed. Existing E-payment systems based on classical cryptography cannot guarantee the security with the emergency of quantum computers. Compared to the existing E-payment system, our quantum E-payment scheme could protect not only the user's anonymity but also the inner structure of customer group. In addition, our system adopts quantum key distribution, one-time pad, and audit mechanism to ensure unconditional security.
Abstract The security and anonymity of e-payment transactions are paramount. In this study, we propose a centralised e-payment protocol based on superdense coding. By adopting quantum key establishment principles inspired by quantum key distribution (QKD) and combining them with superdense coding-based message transmission, symmetric key encryption, and two-particle entanglement, our quantum e-payment protocol utilises Bell states to reduce the complexity of quantum resources. The protocol is used for both key distribution and secure message transmission between the communicating parties. It is also resilient against quantum attacks and provides operational non-repudiation and immutability. Compared to previously proposed protocols, our protocol offers improved security while maintaining practical feasibility for real-world applications.
With the advancement of quantum cryptography, proxy blind signature technology combines the message concealment of blind signatures with the delegation of authority inherent in proxy signatures, thereby simultaneously ensuring message privacy and the controlled delegation of signing authority, and playing a critical role in numerous fields. This paper proposes a quantum proxy blind signature protocol based on quantum teleportation. This protocol has the following features: First, by simplifying the keys and the encryption process and using a pseudorandom number generator and quantum state permutations to perform encryption, we avoid complex unitary transformations, thereby significantly lowering the technical barrier. Second, by employing high-capacity quantum encoding — where a two-particle quantum state encodes three classical bits — the information capacity of a single communication session is significantly increased. Finally, we propose the “local operation, global signature” paradigm, in which the surrogate need only manipulate a single entangled particle to achieve a global signature through nonlocality, while the verifier recovers the message via a joint measurement. This approach conserves quantum resources and simplifies the verification process. The security analysis demonstrates that the proposed protocol can ensure blindness, satisfy the requirements of unforgeability and undeniability, and effectively resistance to interception-retransmission attacks.
Abstract When the original signer is unable to sign and the proxy signer does not know the information content, proxy blind signature comes into being and becomes a hot topic in cryptography research. This paper combines the methods of proxy blind signature, controlled quantum teleportation and multi-party verification, and proposes a multi-party verifiable quantum proxy blind signature scheme based on controlled quantum teleportation. This scheme has the following features: using a Hash function shared by all participants for authentication can effectively solve the problem of identity identification among members; in order to facilitate the original signer to ensure the security of proxy authorization, the quantum proxy signature authorization form is used to generate quantum states with mutual unbiased fundamental particles. The security analysis shows that the scheme is unforgeable and undeniable, and can resist intercept-forgery attack and collusive attack.