International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science
The Study of One-Dimensional Relativistic Shannon Entropy with Hulthen–Coulomb Interaction Using Klein-Gordon Equation
I. B. Okon, Akaninyene Daniel Antia, Cecilia N. Isonguyo, C. A. Onate, A. A. Essiett, Dinmukhammed Akpan, Imoh S. Abraham, Kaushal R. Purohit, Etinamabasiyaka E. Ekott
The study of quantum information entropies is significant in quantum computation and signal analysis. Much research work has been carried out in quantum information entropies under nonrelativistic wave equation. However, not much research has been reported in evaluating quantum information entropies using relativistic wave equation. In this work, we evaluate Shannon information entropy in one-dimensional space with generalised Hulthen plus Coulomb potential (GHPCP) in Klein-Gordon equation using parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The numerical computations obtained both for position and momentum spaces as well as the Shannon sum obeys Bialynicki-Birula and Mycieslski (BBM) uncertainty inequality in order to ascertain the degree of accuracy of the analytical and numerical calculation. This research has relevance in atomic and molecular physics especially in localisation and delocalisation of electrons or particle in atomic orbitals.
The study of quantum information entropies is significant in quantum computation and signal analysis. Much research work has been carried out in quantum information entropies under nonrelativistic wave equation. However, not much research has been reported in evaluating quantum information entropies using relativistic wave equation. In this work, we evaluate Shannon information entropy in one-dimensional space with generalised Hulthen plus Coulomb potential (GHPCP) in Klein-Gordon equation using parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The numerical computations obtained both for position and momentum spaces as well as the Shannon sum obeys Bialynicki-Birula and Mycieslski (BBM) uncertainty inequality in order to ascertain the degree of accuracy of the analytical and numerical calculation. This research has relevance in atomic and molecular physics especially in localisation and delocalisation of electrons or particle in atomic orbitals.
Quantum information entropies have been properly studied within the confines of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics ( QM ) by solving Schrödinger wave equation for different considerable potential models to obtained the energy and total normalised wave function which are essential tools for determining various information entropies. However, not much research has been done on evaluation of information entropies within the relativistic quantum mechanics because of its complexities and existence of both multiple and quadratic eigenvalues for fixed quantum state ( n ) and orbital angular quantum number (ℓ) . In this work, we investigate Fisher information and Shannon entropy in three dimensional space within the relativistic regime by solving Klein-Gordon ( KG ) equation for equal scalar and vector potential with Schioberg plus Yukawa potential ( SPYP ) using the Parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov ( PNU ) method and compare the results to its nonrelativistic counterpart. It is important to note that the numerical solutions for the three dimensional Fisher information and Shannon entropy obtained for both the relativistic and nonrelativistic wave equations using SPYP adequately satisfies Bialynicki-Birula and Mycieslski (BBM) uncertainty inequality. The radial wave function, radial probability density, momentum space wave function and momentum probability density graphical plots were all obtained for both cases respectively. The numerical computations for Fisher information and Shannon entropy in three dimensional space were carried out for ℓ=0 with different quantum states n=0 and 1. The investigation of Fisher information and Shannon entropy are relevance in describing localisation and delocalisation mechanism of particles in atomic orbitals within a potential well, relativistic confinement effect and entropy-energy correlation.
The solutions of Kratzer potential plus Hellmann potential was obtained under the Klein-Gordon equation via the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method. The relativistic energy and its corresponding normalized wave functions were fully calculated. The theoretic quantities in terms of the entropic system under the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation (a spinless particle) for a Kratzer-Hellmann’s potential model were studied. The effects of a and b respectively (the parameters in the potential that determine the strength of the potential) on each of the entropy were fully examined. The maximum point of stability of a system under the three entropies was determined at the point of intersection between two formulated expressions plotted against a as one of the parameters in the potential. Finally, the popular Shannon entropy uncertainty relation known as Bialynick-Birula, Mycielski inequality was deduced by generating numerical results.
In this paper, we studied, at first, the influence of the energy-dependent potentials on the one-dimensionless Klein–Gordon oscillator. Then, the Shannon entropy and Fisher information of this system are investigated. The position and momentum information entropies for the low-lying states n = 0, 1, 2 are calculated. Some interesting features of both Fisher and Shannon densities, as well as the probability densities, are demonstrated. Finally, the Stam, Cramer–Rao and Bialynicki–Birula–Mycielski (BBM) inequalities have been checked, and their comparison with the regarding results have been reported. We showed that the BBM inequality is still valid in the form [Formula: see text], as well as in ordinary quantum mechanics.
This study presents a comprehensive investigation of quantum information measures for the one-dimensional Ultra Generalized Exponential–Hyperbolic Potential (UGEHP) within the framework of the Schrödinger equation. Analytical solutions for the energy eigenvalues and corresponding wave functions are obtained using the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. These solutions serve as the basis for evaluating Shannon entropy and Fisher information in both position and momentum spaces. The numerical results show that the total Shannon entropy satisfies the Beckner–Białynicki-Birula–Mycielski (BBM) inequality, while the Fisher information adheres to the Stam–Cramér–Rao bounds, thereby confirming consistency with fundamental quantum uncertainty principles. In addition, the energy spectrum exhibits a pronounced dependence on the screening parameter and quantum numbers, indicating the tunable confinement properties of the potential. The combined analysis establishes a clear connection between energy quantization, wavefunction localization, and information-theoretic measures, offering deeper insight into the effectiveness of the UGEHP model in describing complex quantum systems.
In this study, the energy equation and normalized wave function were obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation analytically utilizing the Eckart-Hellmann potential and the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. Fisher information and Shannon entropy were investigated. Our results showed higher-order characteristic behavior for position and momentum space. Our numerical results showed an increase in the accuracy of the location of the predicted particles occurring in the position space. Also, our results show that the sum of the position and momentum entropies satisfies the lower-bound Berkner, Bialynicki-Birula, and Mycieslki inequality and Fisher information was also satisfied for the different eigenstates. This study's findings have applications in quantum chemistry, atomic and molecular physics, and quantum physics.
The approximate solutions of the Schrödinger equation with the central generalized Hulthén and Yukawa potential are investigated within the framework of the functional method. The obtained wave function and the energy levels are used to study the Shannon entropy, Renyi entropy, Fisher information, Shannon Fisher complexity, Shannon power and Fisher-Shannon product in both position and momentum spaces for the ground and first excited states. The theoretic information theories such as Shannon entropies Sr,Sp, Fisher information Ip,Ip and Renyi entropies Rβ as well as the information entropy probability densities ρ(r),ϕ(p) are illustrated graphically. The Bialynicki-Birula – Mycielski (BBM) inequality for the Shannon entropies and the Cramer-Rao inequality for the Fisher information are satisfied for the potential model.