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EPJ Quantum Technology

Asymmetric entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting MDS codes of physical qubits $p^{s}$ over $\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}$

Hai Quang Dinh, Bac Trong Nguyen, Hiep L. Thi, Luong Tran Thi, W. Yamaha

Published Jun 17, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we construct entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQEC codes) of physical qubits $p^{s}$ over $\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}$ . We compare our EAQEC codes with all known EAQEC codes to see that our EAQEC codes are new in the sense that their parameters are different from all the previous constructions. If we fix the physical qubits and the logical qubits of EAQEC codes, many of them have larger quantum distances than the well known EAQEC codes in the literature. Moreover, some of our EAQEC codes achieve larger quantum distances while requiring fewer or the same number of entangled bits compared with existing EAQEC codes when the numbers of physical qubits and logical qubits are fixed. We construct asymmetric entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting (AEAQEC) MDS codes of physical qubits $p^{s}$ over $\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}$ . When the physical qubits of the AEAQEC codes is fixed, many of our AEAQEC codes have a significantly larger number of quantum distances compared to all previously constructed AEAQEC codes. We also provide a version of Singleton bound for all AEAQEC codes.

DOI
10.1140/epjqt/s40507-026-00503-0

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Asymmetric entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting MDS codes of physical qubits psp^{s}ps over Fpm\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}Fpm​
In this paper, we construct entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQEC codes) of physical qubits psp^{s}ps over Fpm\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}Fpm​ . We compare our EAQEC codes with all known EAQEC codes to see that our EAQEC codes are new in the sense that their parameters are different from all the previous constructions. If we fix the physical qubits and the logical qubits of EAQEC codes, many of them have larger quantum distances than the well known EAQEC codes in the literature. Moreover, some of our EAQEC codes achieve larger quantum distances while requiring fewer or the same number of entangled bits compared with existing EAQEC codes when the numbers of physical qubits and logical qubits are fixed. We construct asymmetric entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting (AEAQEC) MDS codes of physical qubits psp^{s}ps over Fpm\mathbb{F}_{p^{m}}Fpm​ . When the physical qubits of the AEAQEC codes is fixed, many of our AEAQEC codes have a significantly larger number of quantum distances compared to all previously constructed AEAQEC codes. We also provide a version of Singleton bound for all AEAQEC codes.
Quantum error correction is fundamentally important for quantum information processing and computation. Quantum error correction codes have been studied and constructed since the pioneering papers of Shor and Steane. Optimal (called MDS) qqq-qubit quantum codes attaining the quantum Singleton bound were constructed for very restricted lengths n≤q2+1n \leq q^2+1n≤q2+1. Entanglement-assisted quantum error correction (EAQEC) code was proposed to use the pre-shared maximally entangled state for the enhancing of error correction capability. Recently there have been a lot of constructions of MDS EAQEC codes attaining the quantum Singleton bound for very restricted lengths. In this paper we construct such MDS EAQEC [[n,k,d,c]]q[[n, k, d, c]]_q[[n,k,d,c]]q​ codes for arbitrary nnn satisfying n≤q2+1n \leq q^2+1n≤q2+1 and arbitrary distance d≤n+22d\leq \frac{n+2}{2}d≤2n+2​. It is proved that for any given length nnn satisfying O(q2)=n≤q2+1O(q^2)=n \leq q^2+1O(q2)=n≤q2+1 and any given distance ddd satisfying $ O(q^2)=d \leq \frac{n+2}{2}$, there exist at least O(q2)O(q^2)O(q2) MDS EAQEC [[n,k,d,c]]q[[n, k, d, c]]_q[[n,k,d,c]]q​ codes with different ccc parameters. Our results show that there are much more MDS entanglement-assisted quantum codes than MDS quantum codes without consumption of the maximally entangled state. This is natural from the physical point of view. Our method can also be applied to construct MDS entanglement-assisted quantum codes from the generalized MDS twisted Reed-Solomon codes.
Classical cyclic and constacyclic codes play a fundamental role in coding theory, thanks to their rich algebraic structures and efficient encoding/decoding algorithms. These codes are especially important in the construction of quantum error-correcting codes, since their inherent algebraic properties facilitate the derivation of self-orthogonality or dual-containing conditions that are crucial for ensuring quantum error correction capability. In this paper, we construct entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQEC codes) of length [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text]. We compare our EAQEC codes with all known EAQEC codes to see that our EAQEC codes are new in the sense that their parameters are different from all the previous constructions. Moreover, our EAQEC codes have shorter lengths than the known codes, yet exhibit significantly larger quantum distances. This is highly meaningful in the context of quantum error correction, as it enables the construction of codes with small lengths while maintaining large quantum distances. We also construct asymmetric EAQEC (AEAQEC) codes of length [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text]. We evaluate our AEAQEC codes against all existing ones and find that they are both new and better.
Entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting (EAQEC) codes make use of preexisting entanglement between the sender and receiver to boost the rate of transmission. It is possible to construct an EAQEC code from any classical linear code, unlike standard quantum error-correcting codes, which can only be constructed from dual-containing codes. However, the number ccc of pre-shared maximally entangled states is usually calculated by computer search. In this paper, we first give a new formula for calculating the number ccc of pre-shared maximally entangled states. Then, using this formula, we construct three classes of new entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting maximum-distance-separable ( EAQEC MDS) codes.
Entanglement-assisted quantum-error-correcting (EAQEC) codes are quantum codes which use entanglement as a resource. These codes can provide better error correction than the (entanglement unassisted) codes derived from the traditional stabilizer formalism. In this paper, we provide a general method to construct EAQEC codes from cyclic codes. Afterwards, the method is applied to Reed-Solomon codes, BCH codes, and general cyclic codes. We use the Euclidean and Hermitian construction of EAQEC codes. Three families have been created: two families of EAQEC codes are maximal distance separable (MDS), and one is almost MDS or almost near MDS. The comparison of the codes in this paper is mostly based on the quantum Singleton bound.
Entanglement-assisted quantum error correcting codes (EAQECCs) play a significant role in protecting quantum information from decoherence and quantum noise. Recently, constructing entanglement-assisted quantum maximum distance separable (EAQMDS) codes with flexible parameters has received much attention. In this work, four families of EAQMDS codes with a more general length are presented. And the method of selecting defining set is different from others. Compared with all the previously known results, the EAQMDS codes we constructed have larger minimum distance. All of these EAQMDS codes are new in the sense that their parameters are not covered by the quantum codes available in the literature.
Entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) can be obtained from arbitrary classical linear codes based on the entanglement-assisted stabilizer formalism, which greatly promoted the development of quantum coding theory. In this paper, we construct several families of [Formula: see text]-ary entanglement-assisted quantum maximum-distance-separable (EAQMDS) codes of lengths [Formula: see text] with flexible parameters as to the minimum distance [Formula: see text] and the number [Formula: see text] of maximally entangled states. Most of the obtained EAQMDS codes have larger minimum distances than the codes available in the literature.