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Quantum Information Processing

Quantum network coding based on remote state preparation over the k-pair network

Zhenya Wang, 马松雅, Si Jin

Published Jun 8, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11128-026-05234-w

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Quantum networks typically comprise quantum channels, repeaters, and end nodes. Remote state preparation (RSP) allows one end node to prepare the states of the other end nodes remotely. While quantum discord has recently been recognized as necessary for RSP, it does not guarantee the practical implementation of RSP in quantum networks surpasses any classical method. Herein, we theoretically introduce and experimentally study a quantum resource that we call the RSP capability. This resource validates all the static and dynamic elements required to enable genuine quantum networks where the RSP’s implementation can outperform any classical emulation of entanglement- and qubit-unitaries-free strategies, including the static resources of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and the dynamic resources of quantum channels and repeaters. Our experiment measures the RSP capability to demonstrate the transition between classical and nonclassical RSP depending on the photon-pair qualities. It shows that quantum discord does not confirm a nonclassical RSP, but the RSP capability does. These results help reveal the quantum advantages that emerge when networking RSP is in play. The authors introduce and experimentally study a quantum resource called the remote state preparation capability. This resource validates all static and dynamic elements required to enable quantum networks where the implementation of remote state preparation can outperform any classical emulation of entanglement- and qubit-unitaries-free strategies.
the purpose of this paper is to promote a butterfly quantum network coding scheme for remote state preparation of multi-qudit states. Firstly, we perform channel preparation and amplitude modulation; secondly, each sender simultaneously performs projection measurement; thirdly, both senders send measurement results as precoding information and auxiliary information to the intermediate node and the neighboring receivers respectively; fourthly, the first intermediate node performs encoding operation and sends the encoded information to both receivers via next intermediate node. Finally, by decoding the coded information with auxiliary information, two receivers perform corresponding unitary operations to recover the target multi-qudit quantum states. Compared with other schemes, our scheme can enhance the throughput and transmission efficiency of communication network for remote state preparation of multi-qudit states.