The broadband characteristic of Rydberg atoms renders them suitable for spectrum monitoring in high-frequency and multi-band joint wireless communication systems. We demonstrate a cross-band spectrum monitoring system, integrating atomic sensing with intelligent recognition. The cross-band signals resonate with different Rydberg transitions, and are coherently mapped to a unified intermediate-frequency channel via atomic superheterodyne detection. This scheme enables simultaneous multi-band reception with no observable inter-band crosstalk. The system achieves real-time modulation recognition directly from atomically-sensed streams, using a lightweight automatic modulation recognition model on an embedded platform. We demonstrate that the system enables low error-vector-magnitude reception of high-order modulated signals. Moreover, the system maintains a recognition accuracy above 80% with low latency over a signal-to-noise ratio range from -15 dB to 20 dB. This unified framework provides a viable route toward scalable, quantum-enhanced intelligent sensing in complex electromagnetic environments.
The broadband characteristic of Rydberg atoms renders them suitable for spectrum monitoring in high-frequency and multi-band joint wireless communication systems. We demonstrate a cross-band spectrum monitoring system, integrating atomic sensing with intelligent recognition. The cross-band signals resonate with different Rydberg transitions, and are coherently mapped to a unified intermediate-frequency channel via atomic superheterodyne detection. This scheme enables simultaneous multi-band reception with no observable inter-band crosstalk. The system achieves real-time modulation recognition directly from atomically-sensed streams, using a lightweight automatic modulation recognition model on an embedded platform. We demonstrate that the system enables low error-vector-magnitude reception of high-order modulated signals. Moreover, the system maintains a recognition accuracy above 80% with low latency over a signal-to-noise ratio range from -15 dB to 20 dB. This unified framework provides a viable route toward scalable, quantum-enhanced intelligent sensing in complex electromagnetic environments.
Rydberg-atom sensors have emerged as a promising quantum technology for broadband radio-frequency detection owing to their intrinsic calibration, wide frequency coverage, and high sensitivity. However, their potential for intelligent identification of real-world wireless signals remains largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate a quantum-enabled framework for mobile signal classification based on Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy and deep learning. Three types of wireless emissions, including cellular voice call, Wi-Fi, and 5G signals from three commercial smartphone brands, are measured to construct a spectral-fingerprint dataset. A convolutional neural network trained on this dataset achieves an initial baseline classification accuracy of 93.44\%. To compensate for spectral drifts induced by temporal and environmental variations, a progressive fine-tuning strategy is employed to continuously adapt the pretrained model, enabling robust classification across diverse deployment scenarios. Furthermore, continuous real-time monitoring is demonstrated under dynamically varying wireless conditions, including cellular voice call, Wi-Fi, and their coexistence. The proposed system achieves an overall frame-level recognition accuracy of 87.67\% over a 60-s measurement. These results establish a pathway toward intelligent quantum radio-frequency sensing and highlight the potential of Rydberg-atom platforms for real-time wireless signal awareness and spectrum monitoring.
Ultra-broadband anti-jamming communication represents a promising approach to secure and robust information transfer through spread-spectrum techniques, effectively combatting malicious interference and eavesdropping. Rydberg atoms, enhanced by waveguide coupling, facilitate ultra-broadband spectrum sensing without traditional RF components. This framework provides an experimental platform for ultra-wide anti-jamming communication. Here, we demonstrate real-time signal demodulation based on frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) in a waveguide-coupled Rydberg receiver, achieving ultra-broad frequency-hopping covering 100 kHz to 20 GHz and a hopping rate of 100 khop/s. When confined to a standard operational band (e.g., the 2.4 GHz ISM band), our system achieves a high channel density of 8 channels per MHz. Beyond this, by leveraging its ultra-broad and continuous bandwidth, the system supports over 150,000 channels. Experimental results reveal a 51 dB enhancement in narrowband interference tolerance compared with single-frequency systems, confirming its outstanding anti-jamming capability. The reported system demonstrates significant potential for secure communications based on quantum technology, especially communication in complex electromagnetic environments.
Abstract Ultra-broadband anti-jamming communication represents a promising approach to secure and robust information transfer through spred-spectrum techniques, effectively combatting malicious interference and eavesdropping. Rydberg atoms, enhanced by waveguide coupling, facilitate ultra-broadband spectrum sensing without traditional RF components. This framework provides an experimental platform for ultra-wide anti-jamming communication. Here, we demonstrate real-time signal demodulation based on frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) in a waveguide-coupled Rydberg receiver, achieving ultra-broad frequency-hopping covering 100 kHz to 20 GHz and a hopping rate of 10 khop/s. Our Rydberg atom-based FHSS communication system supports over 150,000 channels, representing three orders of magnitude beyond conventional Bluetooth and WiFi systems. Experimental results reveal a 51 dB enhancement in narrowband interference tolerance compared with single-frequency systems, confirming its outstanding anti-jamming capability. The reported system demonstrates significant potential for secure communications based on quantum technology, especially communication in complex electromagnetic environments.
Detecting microwave signals over a wide frequency range has numerous advantages as it enables simultaneous transmission of a large amount of information and access to more spectrum resources. This capability is crucial for applications such as microwave communication, remote sensing, and radar. However, conventional microwave receiving systems are limited by amplifiers and band-pass filters that can only operate efficiently in a specific frequency range. Typically, these systems can only process signals within a three-fold frequency range, which limits the data transfer bandwidth of the microwave communication systems. Developing novel atom-integrated microwave sensors, for example, radio frequency (RF)-chip coupled Rydberg atomic receiver, provides opportunities for a large working bandwidth of microwave sensing at the atomic level. Here, an ultra-wide dual-band RF sensing scheme is demonstrated by space-division multiplexing two RF-chip-integrated atomic receiver modules. The system can simultaneously receive dual-band microwave signals that span a frequency range exceeding 6 octaves (300 MHz and 24 GHz). This work paves the way for multi-band microwave reception applications within an ultra-wide range by RF-chip-integrated Rydberg atomic sensor.
Rydberg-atomic receivers exhibit exceptional sensitivity yet are fundamentally constrained by the narrow instantaneous bandwidth, limiting their practical deployment in broadband scenarios. Prior approaches typically expand the bandwidth by physically broadening the atomic response, which usually requires auxiliary electromagnetic fields or stringent parameter tuning, thereby increasing overall system complexity. Here, we propose a compressive spectral multiplexing framework implemented in a waveguide-coupled Rydberg atomic receiver using a frequency-modulated local oscillator (FMLO). The FMLO creates multiple parallel sensing channels that collectively constitute a physical compressive sensing matrix, generating multiple narrowband intermediate-frequency replicas of the input signal. Thus, a broadband microwave spectrum is projected onto a set of narrowband atomic responses. It is demonstrated that spectral information spanning a bandwidth of over 640 MHz can be effectively compressed into the intrinsic atomic bandwidth of 126 kHz, achieving a spectrum compression ratio exceeding 1000. Furthermore, these output replicas offer intrinsic measurement redundancy and facilitate signal-to-noise ratio enhancement. An approximate 10 dB gain is achieved in the required bit-energy-to-noise-power-density ratio for multi-channel communication via maximal-ratio combining. This approach requires no auxiliary fields or broadband electronics, providing a simple and scalable pathway for chip-scale quantum receivers, latency-critical sensing, and next-generation wireless communications.
Detecting microwave signals over a wide frequency range has numerous advantages as it enables simultaneous transmission of a large amount of information, and access to more spectrum resources. This capability is crucial for applications such as microwave communication, remote sensing, and radar. However, conventional microwave receiving systems are limited by amplifiers and band-pass filters that can only operate efficiently in a specific frequency range. Typically, these systems can only process signals within a three-fold frequency range, which limits the data transfer bandwidth of the microwave communication systems. Developing novel atom-integrated microwave sensors, for example, radio frequency (RF)-chip coupled Rydberg atomic receiver, provides opportunities for a large working bandwidth of microwave sensing at the atomic level. Here, an ultra-wide dual-band RF sensing scheme is demonstrated by space-division multiplexing two RF-chip-integrated atomic receiver modules. The system can simultaneously receive dual-band microwave signals that span a frequency range exceeding 6 octaves (300 MHz and 24 GHz). This work paves the way for multi-band microwave reception applications within an ultra-wide range by RF-chip-integrated Rydberg atomic sensor.