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Laser Physics Letters

Quantum interference effects on Fraunhofer diffraction in hybrid optomechanical cavity with three-level atomic system

Na Li, Yun Su, Shuaiqi Yu, Shan Wang

Published May 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this letter, we discuss the Fraunhofer diffraction in a hybrid system composed of an optomechanical cavity and a three-level atomic system. The hybrid system interacts via a cavity mode as a probe field and a standing-wave (SW) field from which the atomic system is derived. The susceptibility can be influenced by the interaction between the cavity mode, the atomic system and the oscillating mirror of the optomechanical cavity. The interaction between the cavity mode and the atomic ensemble leads to the generation of nonlinear equations which are solved via the perturbation method. Here, we have found that the amplitude and phase modulation of the system can be controlled via cavity detuning and the intensity of the SW field. By adjusting the amplitude and phase modulations of the system, the Fraunhofer diffraction of the probe field can be controlled easily for different orders of the grating.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ae631d

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Abstract In this letter, we discuss the Fraunhofer diffraction in a hybrid system composed of an optomechanical cavity and a three-level atomic system. The hybrid system interacts via a cavity mode as a probe field and a standing-wave (SW) field from which the atomic system is derived. The susceptibility can be influenced by the interaction between the cavity mode, the atomic system and the oscillating mirror of the optomechanical cavity. The interaction between the cavity mode and the atomic ensemble leads to the generation of nonlinear equations which are solved via the perturbation method. Here, we have found that the amplitude and phase modulation of the system can be controlled via cavity detuning and the intensity of the SW field. By adjusting the amplitude and phase modulations of the system, the Fraunhofer diffraction of the probe field can be controlled easily for different orders of the grating.
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Abstract In this letter, we propose a novel nonlinear optomechanical system for generating a two-dimensional (2D) optical grating. The system comprises a Fabry–Pérot cavity with a fixed mirror, movable end mirror, degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA), and ensemble of identical two-level atoms. By applying a 2D asymmetric standing wave as the driving field, the probe light can be diffracted in the x - and y -directions with different intensities, leading to an asymmetric optomechanically induced grating. The amplitude and phase modulations of the output probe light and the resulting Fraunhofer diffraction patterns were investigated. The results show that the atomic ensemble plays a crucial role in controlling the efficiency and asymmetry of 2D gratings. We demonstrate that by tuning the nonlinear gain of the OPA and higher-order excitations of the atoms, the transparency of the medium can be enhanced, leading to greater transmission of probe energy and transfer to higher diffraction orders. The proposed system offers a novel approach for generating asymmetric 2D optical gratings in optomechanical devices with potential applications in quantum information science.
Abstract We investigate theoretically the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the output field in a nonlinear optomechanical cavity with a degenerate optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and a higher order excited atomic ensemble. Studies show that the higher-order-excitation atom, which is similar to the degenerate OPA that acts as a nonlinear medium, induces an electromagnetically induced grating in the output spectrum of the probe field. The coherence of the mechanical oscillator leads to transfer of the probe energy in different diffraction orders of the probe field spectrum such that the phenomenon of optomechanically induced grating is generated from the output probe field. In particular, the presence of nonlinearities with the degenerate OPA and the higher order excited atoms can significantly affect the efficiency of the diffraction pattern providing an additional flexibility for controlling optical properties.
Abstract The experimental realization of two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating is explored by monitoring the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern in a microwave-driven four-level Y-type atomic medium under the action of two orthogonal standing-wave (SW) fields. Due to the position-dependent atom–field interaction, the information about the high diffraction order of the probe light can be obtained via the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the probe light. It is found that the diffraction behavior is significantly improved due to the joint quantum interference induced by the SW and microwave-driven cycling fields. Most importantly, the amplitude and phase diagram of the transmission function of the probe light can be modulated at a particular position and the probe energy may transfer to the high orders of the diffraction by properly adjusting the system parameters. The proposed scheme may provide a promising way to achieve highly sensitive diffraction patterns with applications in quantum information processing.
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We study the four-wave mixing (FWM) effect in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system, which is composed of an ensemble of two-level atoms trapped inside an optical cavity and a moveable cavity mirror serving as a mechanical resonator. It is shown that the FWM signal in this hybrid system can be significantly enhanced due to the coupling between the optical cavity and the atom ensemble. The larger the atom-cavity coupling strength is, the stronger the FWM will be. More interestingly, the FWM signal can be effectively modulated by the atom-pump detuning. It is demonstrated that, just by tuning this detuning to be positive or negative, the FWM signal can be easily switched on or off for the zero probe-pump detuning case. The obtained results may have potential applications in all-optical wavelength convertors, all-optical switches, or other optical devices.