Part I Embedded observers, reflexive perception and representation: Intrinsic and extrinsic observation mode -- Embedded observers and self-expression -- Reflexive measurement -- Intrinsic self-representation -- Part II Provable unknowns: On what is entirely hopeless -- Forecasting and unpredictability -- Induction by rule inference -- Other types of recursion theoretic unknowables -- What if there are no laws? Emergence of laws -- Part III Quantum unknowns: "Shut up and calculate" -- Evolution by permutation -- Quantum mechanics in a nutshell -- Quantum oracles -- Vacuum fluctuations -- Radioactive decay -- Part IV Exotic unknowns: Classical continua and infinities -- Classical (in)determinism -- Deterministic chaos -- Partition logics, finite automata and generalized urn models -- Part V Transcendence: Miracles -- Dualistic interfaces -- Part VI Executive summary: Executive summary -- Appendix A: Formal (in)computability and randomness -- B: Two particle correlations and expectations