Quantum Sensing

Uman Khalid, Muhammad Shohibul Ulum, Moe Z. Win +1 more

Quantum sensing networks (QSNs) embody a fusion of quantum sensing and quantum communication, achieving both Heisenberg precision and unconditional security through the exploitation of quantum phenomena such as superposition and entanglement. However, the scalability and sensing capability of QSNs in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era face challenges due to technological constraints, device imperfections, quantum noise, and dynamic sensing scenarios. Recent advancements in integrating quantum non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) and terrestrial networks (TNs) have paved the way for a global-scale quantum internet. Furthermore, leveraging variational quantum sensing (VQS), which capitalizes on hybrid quantum-classical computing, enhances quantum sensing capabilities. VQS tailors quantum sensing probes for dynamic sensing scenarios and noisy environments, significantly advancing application-specific NISQ sensing. We propose an integrated framework by combining VQS for optimal probe preparation and dynamic utility, as well as satellite-ground quantum networking for establishing on-demand entanglement across remote TN nodes. The integrated framework is advantageous over the standalone ground QSNs in terms of network scalability and sensing capability. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, thereby introducing prospects for scalable and efficient quantum sensing on a global scale.

John Chapman, Zeki Can Seskir, Sana Belguith +1 more

Quantum technologies are likely to raise significant benefits but also challenges to the continued development of smart cities. This paper looks at one of the more operationally ready of the quantum technologies, namely quantum sensing, and considers some of the opportunities and challenges facing city planners if they wish to introduce the capabilities of quantum sensing. The paper briefly outlines the evolution of quantum technologies and where quantum sensing fits in the quantum portfolio. It then considers two quantum sensing capabilities in more detail, namely the use of quantum sensing in navigation and in detection. The paper then describes the attributes of smart cities and discusses the opportunities and challenges of the introduction of these two quantum sensing capabilities, and outlines potential mitigation strategies to optimize the benefits while addressing the challenges.

Bongs, Kai

Ian S. Osborne

Chris Jay Hoofnagle, Simson Garfinkel

Quantum sensing is the most exciting quantum technology and it has the most potential to change our lives in the next decade and beyond. Quantum sensors will offer new capabilities with benefits for medicine, defense, intelligence, extractive industries and many others. Quantum sensing is a precursor technology to quantum computing and communications. Quantum sensors use quantum properties and effects to measure or sense physical things. This chapter explores quantum sensing as a topic in its own right, because the capabilities of quantum sensing are surprising and offer new forms of knowledge discovery and at new levels of analysis. Furthermore quantum sensors are here today---indeed, they have been in use for more than fifty years.