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Gravity-induced Entanglement under Constrained Dynamics

Hollis Williams

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.13140/rg.2.2.12825.58726

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Gravity-induced entanglement under constrained dynamics

Hollis Williams

Tests of gravity-induced entanglement have been proposed as a route to probing the quantum nature of gravity, but existing schemes rely on free-fall interferometry of massive spatial superpositions, imposing severe experimental constraints. We show that systems exhibiting effectively inertial dynamics in the short-time regime reproduce the same gravitational phase accumulation responsible for entanglement generation. Deviations from the free-fall phase enter at order $(τ/T)^2$, where $τ$ is the interaction timescale and $T$ is the characteristic period of the constrained motion. We analyse a representative mechanically constrained implementation using carbon nanotube pendula and show that the resulting correction to the entangling phase remains small in experimentally relevant regimes, leading to a negligible modification of the interference visibility used to certify entanglement. These results demonstrate that gravity-induced entanglement protocols extend beyond free-fall implementations to a broader class of constrained dynamical systems, complementing existing proposals for experimental realisations of the Bose-Marletto-Vedral protocol.

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Tests of gravity-induced entanglement have been proposed as a route to probing the quantum nature of gravity, but existing schemes rely on free-fall interferometry of massive spatial superpositions, imposing severe experimental constraints. We show that systems exhibiting effectively inertial dynamics in the short-time regime reproduce the same gravitational phase accumulation responsible for entanglement generation. Deviations from the free-fall phase enter at order (τ/T)2(τ/T)^2(τ/T)2, where τττ is the interaction timescale and TTT is the characteristic period of the constrained motion. We analyse a representative mechanically constrained implementation using carbon nanotube pendula and show that the resulting correction to the entangling phase remains small in experimentally relevant regimes, leading to a negligible modification of the interference visibility used to certify entanglement. These results demonstrate that gravity-induced entanglement protocols extend beyond free-fall implementations to a broader class of constrained dynamical systems, complementing existing proposals for experimental realisations of the Bose-Marletto-Vedral protocol.
We analyze the dynamics of a gravity-induced entanglement for NNN massive particles. Considering the linear configuration of these particles, we investigate the entanglement between a specific pair of particles under the influence of the gravitational interaction between the massive particles. As the particle number increases, the specific particle pair decoheres more easily due to the gravitational interaction with other particles. The timescale of the gravity-induced decoherence is analytically determined. We also discuss the entanglement dynamics of initially entangled particles, which exemplify the monogamy of the gravity-induced entanglement.