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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters

An Integrated Transmission Scheme for One-Time Pad Encryption and Secret Key Generation

Zheyuan Deng, Liang Jin, Xiaoyan Hu, Xiaoming Xu, Na Wei, Yuqing Liu

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/lwc.2026.3686488

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The one-time pad (OTP) is an application-layer encryption technique to achieve the information-theoretic security, and the physical-layer secret key generation (SKG) technique is a promising candidate to provide the random keys for OTP. In this paper, we propose a joint SKG and OTP encryption scheme with the aid of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to boost secret key rate. To maximize the efficiency of secure communication, we divide the process of secure transmission into two stages: SKG and then encrypted packet transmission. Meanwhile, we design an optimal algorithm for allocating time slots for SKG to maximize SKG efficiency without security risk. Furthermore, we design a key updating protocol based on our SKG scheme for OTP encryption. Simulation results verify that our scheme can generate keys securely and efficiently, and significantly improve the secure communication performance in an intelligent IoT system.
The one-time-pad (OTP) technique is widely used in the encryption to achieve the information-theoretic security, and the physical-layer secret key generation (SKG) technique can provide the random keys for OTP. However, the keys are susceptible to eavesdroppers in the correlated channel scenarios. To address this issue, this paper proposes a machine learning (ML) assisted SKG in the OTP encryption scheme. We make a complete and rigorous analysis of the information leakage under the influence of space-time correlation. The derivation based on information theory proves the security of the key generation scheme. To simplify the computational complexity, we generate the initial key based on ML. The simulation results show that the probability of information being leaked in the next frame increases if information is leaked in the current frame. Meanwhile, the simulation results verify that our ML assisted SKG scheme can generate keys securely for OTP under different space-time correlation.
The one time pad (OTP) technique can provide information-theoretic security and physical layer key generation (PLKG) is a promising candidate for OTP. In the joint PLKG and OTP scheme, channel probing, information reconciliation and encrypted packet transmission all need to occupy channel time. In this paper, we propose a time slot allocation scheme for PLKG in OTP. We divide the process of OTP into three stages: channel probing, information reconciliation and encrypted packet transmission. Then, we analyze the secret key capacity and the time slot cost of the whole process. Under the premise of ensuring safety, we give a time slot reduction strategy to reduce time slot cost. Meanwhile, we propose a time slot allocation optimization algorithm to realize the strategy. Simulation results verify that our scheme can significantly reduce the time slot cost.