In this paper, the authors propose a phenomenological framework for addressing the black hole information loss paradox using the Gravity Branch Model (GBM) of quantum measurements. In this approach, quantum measurement branching is dynamically constrained by local spacetime curvature, producing effective selection of semiclassically consistent trajectories. We develop Schrödinger-like and master equation formulations for the GBM, apply it to a detector of Hawking radiation, and examine how gravitationally suppressed branch proliferation modifies the apparent information content. Our analysis suggests that information loss in black holes can be reinterpreted as curvature-induced pruning of quantum measurement branches, rather than fundamental nonunitarity, with experimentally constrained coupling strengths ensuring consistency with laboratory observations.
In this paper, the authors propose a phenomenological framework for addressing the black hole information loss paradox using the Gravity Branch Model (GBM) of quantum measurements. In this approach, quantum measurement branching is dynamically constrained by local spacetime curvature, producing effective selection of semiclassically consistent trajectories. We develop Schrödinger-like and master equation formulations for the GBM, apply it to a detector of Hawking radiation, and examine how gravitationally suppressed branch proliferation modifies the apparent information content. Our analysis suggests that information loss in black holes can be reinterpreted as curvature-induced pruning of quantum measurement branches, rather than fundamental nonunitarity, with experimentally constrained coupling strengths ensuring consistency with laboratory observations.
We propose that gravitational-wave distinguishability provides a universal, information-theoretic mechanism for decoherence in quantum superpositions involving massive systems. When alternative quantum histories imprint distinguishable gravitational radiation states into spacetime, which-branch information exists in principle even in the absence of measurement. This suppresses interference purely through unitary entanglement with the gravitational field. Unlike collapse models, this framework relies only on standard quantum mechanics and the information-carrying capacity of gravitational radiation. We argue heuristically that the Planck mass emerges as an information-theoretic crossover scale beyond which gravitationally induced decoherence becomes unavoidable. To clarify the conceptual content, we introduce a Schrödinger’s-cat–type thought experiment in which one branch of a quantum superposition produces colliding black holes and gravitational waves, while the other does not. In this limit case, spacetime itself functions as an irreversible which-branch environment. The analysis positions gravity not as a modifier of quantum mechanics, but as a universal information channel contributing to the quantum–classical transition.
We consider a novel approach to address the black hole information paradox. The idea is based on adapting, to the situation at hand, the modified versions of quantum theory involving spontaneous stochastic dynamical collapse of quantum states, which have been considered in attempts to deal with shortcomings of the standard Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, in particular, the issue known as ``the measurement problem.'' The new basic hypothesis is that the modified quantum behavior is enhanced in the region of high curvature so that the information encoded in the initial quantum state of the matter fields is rapidly erased as the black hole singularity is approached. We show that in this manner the complete evaporation of the black hole via Hawking radiation can be understood as involving no paradox. Calculations are performed using a modified version of quantum theory known as ``continuous spontaneous localization'' (CSL), which was originally developed in the context of many-particle nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. We use a version of CSL tailored to quantum field theory and applied in the context of the two -dimensional Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger model. Although the role of quantum gravity in this picture is restricted to the resolution of the singularity, related studies suggest that there might be further connections.
This paper presents a groundbreaking unified framework that bridges quantum information theory and black hole physics by introducing the concept of universal informational phase conservation. Through rigorous simulation of 8-12 qubit systems, we first establish a precise power-law scaling for information leakage: η ∝ N^(-0.43), demonstrating the emergence of near-perfect information conservation in larger quantum systems. A key structural parameter, Δ₀ ≈ 8.0, is identified as the regulator of information flow. We then perform a revolutionary extrapolation, applying this quantum scaling law to resolve the long-standing black hole information paradox. Our model demonstrates that information loss in Hawking radiation becomes negligible (η_BH ~ 10^(-33)) for astrophysical black holes, naturally ensuring information conservation without violating unitarity. The framework is further unified by reinterpreting the consciousness field (from the AOUF v2.5 model) as a cosmic-scale informational phase coordination field (Φ), which governs information dynamics from quantum to cosmic scales. Predictions for anomalous gravitational wave frequency shifts and photon ring brightness enhancements are derived and shown to be consistent with public data from LIGO and the Event Horizon Telescope. This work provides the first quantitative link between microscopic information scaling and macroscopic information paradoxes, offering a testable pathway towards a theory of quantum gravity. Keywords: Information Conservation, Black Hole Information Paradox, Quantum Scaling Laws, Page Curve, Quantum Gravity, Consciousness Field, Δ₀ Parameter, Holographic Principle
This paper proposes a quantum mechanical collapse model driven by spacetime curvature, formulated through a modified Schrödinger equation in Schwarzschild spacetime. The collapse criterion is based on a curvature amplification factor derived from the Klein–Gordon equation. We demonstrate how this theory suppresses Hawking radiation in low-mass black holes and explains the 2–5 solar mass gap seen in LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave detections. The proposed framework offers a speculative but testable path toward unifying aspects of quantum collapse and black hole thermodynamics.
According to the island formula, information in the code subspace defined in the black hole interior is embedded in the Hawking radiation after the Page time. At first sight, this embedding suggests that operations acting on the Hawking radiation could modify the information in the code subspace, potentially leading to an apparent violation of causality. Indeed, in previous studies based on the PSSY model, which incorporates only the topological degrees of freedom of gravity, it was shown that when the error is sufficiently large, a violation of causality can arise, as indicated by a nonvanishing mutual information. In this paper, we investigate the situation in which dynamical gravity also acts on the Hawking radiation. In this case, operations on the Hawking radiation induce nontrivial backreaction on the bulk spacetime appearing in the gravitational path integral for the mutual information -- an effect that is absent when the Hawking radiation is non-gravitating. We find that this backreaction renders the relevant mutual information vanishing. This result implies that, in theories with dynamical gravity, the apparent violation of causality is resolved.
Black hole evaporation is one of the most striking phenomena at the interface between gravity and quantum physics. In Hawking's semi-classical treatment, where matter is quantum mechanical and the spacetime is definite and classical, evaporation leads to an apparent loss of unitarity of the overall evolution, and to the so-called black hole information paradox. Here, we go beyond this semi-classical treatment and formulate a toy quantum model of black hole evaporation that allows the black hole to evolve into a superposition of being fully evaporated and not fully evaporated, consistent with the Hawking particles being in a coherent superposition of different energy levels. We model Hawking particle production by the repeated action of quantum-controlled unitaries, generating emission from the quantum black hole and accounting for a quantum coherent back-reaction on the black hole matter state. We show that the probability of full annihilation of the black hole matter increases with time until the black hole is, asymptotically, fully evaporated in every branch of the quantum superposition. We prove that under natural assumptions, this evaporation model is unitary, such that the initial state can in principle be recovered from the final asymptotic state of the radiation.