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Physical Review A

Chip-based measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution in the presence of polarization-dependent loss

Jiali Zhu, Huajian Ding, Xingyu Zhou, Chunxue Zhang, Chunhui Zhang, Jian Li, Junming An, Qin Wang

Published Apr 6, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1103/43w2-pb8n

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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) removes all detector side channels and enables secure QKD with an untrusted relay.It is suitable for building a star-type quantum access network, where the complicated and expensive measurement devices are placed in the central untrusted relay and each user requires only a low-cost transmitter, such as an integrated photonic chip.Here, we experimentally demonstrate a 1.25-GHz silicon photonic chip-based MDI QKD system using polarization encoding.The photonic chip transmitters integrate the necessary encoding components for a standard QKD source.We implement random modulations of polarization states and decoy intensities, and demonstrate a finite-key secret rate of 31 bit=s over 36-dB channel loss (or 180-km standard fiber).This key rate is higher than state-of-the-art MDI QKD experiments.The results show that silicon photonic chipbased MDI QKD, benefiting from miniaturization, low-cost manufacture, and compatibility with CMOS microelectronics, is a promising solution for future quantum secure networks.