The Tavis-Cummings (TC) model, which serves as a natural physical realization of a quantum battery, comprises ${N}_{b}$ atoms as battery cells that collectively interact with a shared photon field, functioning as the charger, initially containing ${n}_{0}$ photons. In this paper, we introduce the invariant subspace method to effectively represent the quantum dynamics of the TC battery. Our findings indicate that in the limiting case of ${n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}{N}_{b}$ or ${N}_{b}\ensuremath{\gg}{n}_{0}$, a distinct SU(2) symmetry emerges in the dynamics, thereby ensuring the realization of optimal energy storage. We also establish a negative relationship between the battery-charger entanglement and the energy storage capacity. As a result, we demonstrate that asymptotically optimal energy storage can be achieved in the scenario where ${N}_{b}={n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}1$. Our approach not only enhances our comprehension of the algebraic structure inherent in the TC model but also contributes to the broader theoretical framework of quantum batteries. Furthermore, it provides crucial insights into the relation between energy transfer and quantum correlations.The Tavis-Cummings (TC) model, which serves as a natural physical realization of a quantum battery, comprises ${N}_{b}$ atoms as battery cells that collectively interact with a shared photon field, functioning as the charger, initially containing ${n}_{0}$ photons. In this paper, we introduce the invariant subspace method to effectively represent the quantum dynamics of the TC battery. Our findings indicate that in the limiting case of ${n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}{N}_{b}$ or ${N}_{b}\ensuremath{\gg}{n}_{0}$, a distinct SU(2) symmetry emerges in the dynamics, thereby ensuring the realization of optimal energy storage. We also establish a negative relationship between the battery-charger entanglement and the energy storage capacity. As a result, we demonstrate that asymptotically optimal energy storage can be achieved in the scenario where ${N}_{b}={n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}1$. Our approach not only enhances our comprehension of the algebraic structure inherent in the TC model but also contributes to the broader theoretical framework of quantum batteries. Furthermore, it provides crucial insights into the relation between energy transfer and quantum correlations.

arXiv:2312.13444Physical Review AJan 8, 202441 citations

Energy storage and coherence in closed and open quantum batteries

Francesco Caravelli, Bin Yan, Luis Pedro García-Pintos +1 more

We study the role of coherence in closed and open quantum batteries. We obtain upper bounds to the work performed or energy exchanged by both closed and open quantum batteries in terms of coherence. Specifically, we show that the energy storage can be bounded by the Hilbert-Schmidt coherence of the density matrix in the spectral basis of the unitary operator that encodes the evolution of the battery. We also show that an analogous bound can be obtained in terms of the battery's Hamiltonian coherence in the basis of the unitary operator by evaluating their commutator. We apply these bounds to a 4-state quantum system and the anisotropic XY Ising model in the closed system case, and the Spin-Boson model in the open case.We study the role of coherence in closed and open quantum batteries. We obtain upper bounds to the work performed or energy exchanged by both closed and open quantum batteries in terms of coherence. Specifically, we show that the energy storage can be bounded by the Hilbert-Schmidt coherence of the density matrix in the spectral basis of the unitary operator that encodes the evolution of the battery. We also show that an analogous bound can be obtained in terms of the battery's Hamiltonian coherence in the basis of the unitary operator by evaluating their commutator. We apply these bounds to a 4-state quantum system and the anisotropic XY Ising model in the closed system case, and the Spin-Boson model in the open case.

arXiv:2012.15026QuantumJul 15, 202155 citations

Tunable Dynamics of a Dipolar Quantum Battery: Role of Spin-Spin Interactions and Coherence

J. Ramya Parkavi, R. Muthuganesan, V. K. Chandrasekar

This study explores the energy storage dynamics of a quantum battery (QB) modeled using a dipolar spin system with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We examine the performance of this system in terms of ergotropy, instantaneous power, capacity, and quantum coherence using a two-qubit model. By solving the system's time evolution under cyclic unitary processes, we analyze how external parameters such as temperature, magnetic field, and DM interaction influence the charging behavior and quantum resources of the battery. The findings demonstrate that quantum coherence and DM interaction significantly enhance the energy storage efficiency and power output of the quantum battery, offering promising strategies for designing high-performance quantum energy storage devices. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of quantum battery under the influence of a common dephasing environment, which limits the long-term work-extraction capability of dipolar quantum batteries.This study explores the energy storage dynamics of a quantum battery (QB) modeled using a dipolar spin system with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We examine the performance of this system in terms of ergotropy, instantaneous power, capacity, and quantum coherence using a two-qubit model. By solving the system's time evolution under cyclic unitary processes, we analyze how external parameters such as temperature, magnetic field, and DM interaction influence the charging behavior and quantum resources of the battery. The findings demonstrate that quantum coherence and DM interaction significantly enhance the energy storage efficiency and power output of the quantum battery, offering promising strategies for designing high-performance quantum energy storage devices. Furthermore, we investigate the performance of quantum battery under the influence of a common dephasing environment, which limits the long-term work-extraction capability of dipolar quantum batteries.

quant-pharXiv:2512.07325Dec 9, 20250 citations

Opportunities and challenges of quantum batteries

Dario Ferraro, Fabio Cavaliere, Marco G. Genoni +2 more

Nature Reviews PhysicsJan 9, 202638 citations

Quantum batteries: Unlocking the future of high-tech energy storage

Bazgha Khadim, Abdul Majid, Ayaulym Belgibayeva +3 more

Journal of Energy StorageNov 8, 20251 citation

The Tavis-Cummings (TC) model, which serves as a natural physical realization of a quantum battery, comprises

{N}_{b}

atoms as battery cells that collectively interact with a shared photon field, functioning as the charger, initially containing

{n}_{0}

photons. In this paper, we introduce the invariant subspace method to effectively represent the quantum dynamics of the TC battery. Our findings indicate that in the limiting case of ${n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}{N}_{b}$ or ${N}_{b}\ensuremath{\gg}{n}_{0}$, a distinct SU(2) symmetry emerges in the dynamics, thereby ensuring the realization of optimal energy storage. We also establish a negative relationship between the battery-charger entanglement and the energy storage capacity. As a result, we demonstrate that asymptotically optimal energy storage can be achieved in the scenario where ${N}_{b}={n}_{0}\ensuremath{\gg}1$. Our approach not only enhances our comprehension of the algebraic structure inherent in the TC model but also contributes to the broader theoretical framework of quantum batteries. Furthermore, it provides crucial insights into the relation between energy transfer and quantum correlations.