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Physics of Complex Systems

Interaction of ultrashort light pulses with an ensemble of quantum V-emitters

Davut Ya. Bayramdurdiyev, R. F. Malikov

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The paper reports the results of a theoretical study of the optical response of a two-dimensional supercrystal composed of quantum emitters with a doublet excited state (V-emitters) to a monochromatic external Gaussian pulse. The response dynamics are studied as a function of the input field’s pulse area. It is shown that the field pulses interacting with the supercrystal lead to the generation of single, double, triple, and arc pulses with durations ten times shorter than those of the exciting pulses. The generation of single ultrashort pulses is shown to be independent of the magnitude of population excitation and can be realized in the presence of phase relaxation. The properties and effects of the optical response considered in this system suggest it may prove promising for applications in nanophotonics and quantum technologies.

DOI
10.33910/2687-153x-2026-7-1-45-53

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The paper reports the results of a theoretical study of the optical response of a two-dimensional supercrystal composed of quantum emitters with a doublet excited state (V-emitters) to a monochromatic external Gaussian pulse. The response dynamics are studied as a function of the input field’s pulse area. It is shown that the field pulses interacting with the supercrystal lead to the generation of single, double, triple, and arc pulses with durations ten times shorter than those of the exciting pulses. The generation of single ultrashort pulses is shown to be independent of the magnitude of population excitation and can be realized in the presence of phase relaxation. The properties and effects of the optical response considered in this system suggest it may prove promising for applications in nanophotonics and quantum technologies.
Abstract The optical response of a two-dimensional supercrystal (monolayer) of quantum emitters with a doublet in the excited state to the action of a continuous external field was theoretically studied, considering the dephasing of the electronic states of the system. The secondary field acting on the V-emitter from other V-emitters of the system forms their nonlinearity and provides internal positive feedback, which leads to bistability and periodic and aperiodic self-oscillations, including chaotic behavior. In the presence of dephasing, the multistability of the optical response is preserved. Phase relaxation leads to a change in the scenario of the system dynamics from chaos to periodic oscillations of the field amplitude, i.e., to a chaos–limit cycle bifurcation and to a decrease in the reflectivity of the monolayer in linear and nonlinear modes.
A theoretical study of the optical response of a two-dimensional supercrystal (monolayer) of quantum emitters with a doublet in the excited state to the action of a continuous external field has been carried out, considering the dephasing of the electronic states of the system. The secondary field acting on the V-emitter from other V-emitters of the system forms their nonlinearity and provides internal positive feedback, which leads to bistability, periodic and aperiodic auto-oscillations and including chaotic behavior. In the presence of dephasing, the multistability of the optical response is preserved. Phase relaxation leads to a change in the scenario of the system dynamics from chaos to periodic oscillations of the field amplitude, i. e., to a “chaos — limit cycle” bifurcation, a decrease in the reflectivity of the monolayer in linear and nonlinear modes.
Taking into account the foundations of the generalized two-level scheme, an analytical solution to the problem of the evolution of superradiance in a quasi-two-dimensional supercrystal formed by quantum dots is obtained under homogeneous lasing field assumption in the resonant medium of the quasicrystal.The calculation was performed for the physical parameters of a semiconductor structure with quantum-well effects in the presence of resonant nonlinearity and intraband relaxation.We use the generalized two-level scheme, which allows us to take into account the self-modulating spectral broadening of the light field due to the absorption of radiation in quasi-resonant transitions in the quantum mechanical material equations, which are solved together with the field coupling equations.A relation is formulated that is analogous to the law of conservation of the polar angle of the Bloch vector for the more general case of interaction under consideration, in which, along with the phase nonlinearity of the response, the spread rate of active dipoles within the spectral line width is taken into account (i.e., the finiteness of the phase relaxation time of elementary emitters).The use of the Bloch vector formalism in this case makes it possible to obtain an analytical solution of the original modification of the nonlinear system of equations for the semiconductor supercrystals response variables and to calculate the shape of the superradiance pulses.The calculations predict the pronounced asymmetry of the pulses emitted by the semiconductor supercrystals.The calculated estimates of the time dynamics of the superradiance process, taking into account the nonlinearities typical for the resonant response, can be used in the development of methods for obtaining and profiling optical pulses in the sub-picosecond range of durations in modern compact nanophotonics devices.
Abstract We study theoretically the nonlinear optical response of a super-lattice of regularly arranged three-level identical quantum emitters with a doublet in the excited state to the action of a monochromatic electromagnetic field quasi-resonant to optical transitions in the emitter, using into account the dephasing of the system. The total retarded dipole-dipole interaction of the emitters is accounted for in the mean-field approximation. This interaction plays the role of positive feedback, which (in combination with the immanent nonlinearity of emitters themselves) leads to multistability of the super-lattice response. The stability of different response branches is analyzed using the Lyapunov exponents’ method. Another important property of the super-lattice is its high reflectance in a certain frequency range; i.e., within this range, the super-lattice operates as a perfect nanometer mirror; moreover, reflection can be switched to transmission changing slightly the incident field amplitude (bistability). The possibility of the application of the above-mentioned super-lattice optical properties in nanophotonics is discussed.
We conduct a theoretical study of the nonlinear optical response of a two-dimensional semiconductor quantum-dot supercrystal subjected to a quasiresonant continuous-wave excitation. A constituent quantum dot is modeled as a three-level ladderlike system (comprising the ground, the one-exciton, and the biexction states). To study the stationary response of the supercrystal, we propose an exact linear parametric method of solving the nonlinear steady-state problem, while to address the supercrystal optical dynamics qualitatively, we put forward a method to calculate the bifurcation diagram of the system. Analyzing the dynamics, we demonstrate that the supercrystal can exhibit multistability, periodic and aperiodic self-oscillations, and chaotic behavior, depending on parameters of the supercrystal and excitation conditions. The effects originate from the interplay of the intrinsic nonlinearity of quantum dots and the retarded interdot dipole-dipole interaction. The latter provides a positive feedback which results in the exotic supercrystal optical dynamics. These peculiarities of the supercrystal optical response open up a possibility for all-optical applications and devices. In particular, an all-optical switch, a tunable generator of THz pulses (in self-oscillating regime), a noise generator (in chaotic regime), and a tunable bistable mirror can be designed.
Abstract We study theoretically the nonlinear optical response of a monolayer of regularly arranged three-level identical quantum emitters with a doublet in the excited state to the action of a monochromatic electromagnetic field quasi-resonant to optical transitions in the emitter. The total retarded dipole–dipole interaction of the emitters is accounted for in the mean-field approximation. This interaction plays the role of a positive feedback, which (in combination with the immanent nonlinearity of emitters themselves) leads to multistability of the monolayer response. The stability of different response branches is analyzed using the Lyapunov exponents method. It is found that the instability type depends on the doublet splitting and changes from self-oscillations to chaos upon increasing the splitting. Another important property of the monolayer is its high (almost 100%) reflectance in a certain frequency range; i.e., within this range, the monolayer operates as a perfect nanometer mirror; moreover, reflection can be switched to transmission changing slightly the incident field amplitude (bistability). The possibility of application of the above mentioned monolayer optical properties in nanophotonics is discussed.