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Zero-temperature Phase Diagram of Two Dimensional Hubbard Model

昌久 古賀, Akihisa Koga

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
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On the Phase Diagram of the Hubbard Model

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We investigate the two-dimensional Hubbard model on the triangular lattice with anisotropic hopping integrals at half filling. By means of a self-energy functional approach, we discuss how stable the non-magnetic state is against magnetically ordered states in the system. We present the zero-temperature phase diagram, where the normal metallic state competes with magnetically ordered states with (π,π)(π, π)(π,π) and (2π/3,2π/3)(2π/3, 2π/3)(2π/3,2π/3) structures. It is shown that a non-magnetic Mott insulating state is not realized as the ground state, in the present framework, but as a meta-stable state near the magnetically ordered phase with (2π/3,2π/3)(2π/3, 2π/3)(2π/3,2π/3) structure.
We propose an analytical method for the construction of Hartree-Fock phase diagrams for the (fermion) Hubbard model and various generalizations thereof. Such phase diagrams are traditionally constructed numerically, but we argue that, by using asymptotic techniques, it is possible to obtain analytic formulas approximating the curves separating the different phases to very high accuracy. To illustrate the new method, we apply it to the two-dimensional Hubbard model on the square lattice at zero temperature. This yields formulas for the Hartree-Fock phase boundaries that agree with, but also improve on, earlier numerical results. In particular, our results provide the first rigorous proof of the existence of mixed phases in this model.
We consider a quasi-one-dimensional model of a two-component Fermi gas at zero temperature on one, two and three-leg attractive-U Hubbard ladders. We construct the grand canonical phase diagram of a two-component spin-polarized gas. We find that the structure of the phase diagram of the attractive-U Hubbard model for two and three leg ladders significantly differs q from the structure of the phase diagram of a single chain. We argue that the single chain model is a special case, and that multichain ladders display qualitative features of the 1D-to-3D crossover, observed in experiments with trapped ultracold gases.