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Multiparty quantum-key-distribution protocol without use of entanglement

隆太郎 松本, Ryutaroh Matsumoto

Published Dec 1, 2007• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a quantum-key-distribution protocol that enables three parties to agree at once on a sharedcommon random bit string in the presence of an eavesdropper without use of entanglement. We prove itsunconditional security and analyze the key rate.

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By carrying out measurements on entangled states, two parties can generate a secret key which is secure not only against an eavesdropper bound by the laws of quantum mechanics, but also against a hypothetical 'post-quantum' eavesdroppers limited by the no-signalling principle only. We introduce a family of quantum key distribution protocols of this type, which are more efficient than previous ones, both in terms of key rate and noise resistance. Interestingly, the best protocols involve large number of measurements. We show that in the absence of noise, these protocols can yield one secret bit per entanglement bit, implying that the key rates in the no-signalling post-quantum scenario are comparable to the key rates in usual quantum key distribution.
Quantum cryptography is based on quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication.It allows two parties to produce a shared random bit string known only to them.These random bits can be used as a key to encrypt and decrypt messages.The most important and unique property of quantum cryptography is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key.It is based on fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics.By using quantum entanglement or quantum super positions and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping.Quantum cryptography is used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data.This key along with certain encryption algorithm, is used to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel.This paper concentrates on comparison between classical and quantum cryptography as well as survey on various quantum key distribution protocols used to generate and distribute the key among communicating parties.