ℤN symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models

Projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) provide a framework for the construction of models where a single tensor gives rise to both Hamiltonian and ground state wave function on the same footing. A key problem is to characterize the behavior which emerges in the system in terms of the properties of the tensor, and thus of the Hamiltonian. In this paper, we consider PEPS models with ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$ on-site symmetry and study the occurrence of long-range order and spontaneous symmetry breaking. We show how long-range order is connected to a degeneracy in the spectrum of the PEPS transfer operator, and how the latter gives rise to spontaneous symmetry breaking under perturbations. We provide a succinct characterization of the symmetry-broken states in terms of the PEPS tensor, and find that using the symmetry-broken states we can derive a local entanglement Hamiltonian, thereby restoring locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for all gapped phases.Projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) provide a framework for the construction of models where a single tensor gives rise to both Hamiltonian and ground state wave function on the same footing. A key problem is to characterize the behavior which emerges in the system in terms of the properties of the tensor, and thus of the Hamiltonian. In this paper, we consider PEPS models with ${\mathbb{Z}}_{2}$ on-site symmetry and study the occurrence of long-range order and spontaneous symmetry breaking. We show how long-range order is connected to a degeneracy in the spectrum of the PEPS transfer operator, and how the latter gives rise to spontaneous symmetry breaking under perturbations. We provide a succinct characterization of the symmetry-broken states in terms of the PEPS tensor, and find that using the symmetry-broken states we can derive a local entanglement Hamiltonian, thereby restoring locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for all gapped phases.

arXiv:1505.04217Physical Review BOct 20, 201518 citations

Mathematical open problems in projected entangled pair states

J. I. Cirac, José Garre-Rubio, David Pérez-Garcı́a

arXiv:1903.09439Revista Matemática ComplutenseJul 29, 201917 citations

Applications of projected entangled-pair states to two-dimensional spin systems

Bela Bauer, Guifré Vidal, Matthias Troyer

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMar 15, 20100 citations

${\mathbb Z}_N$ symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models${\mathbb Z}_N$ symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models

Manuel Rispler, Kasper Duivenvoorden, Norbert Schuch

We consider Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) models with a global $\mathbb Z_N$ symmetry, which are constructed from $\mathbb Z_N$ -symmetric tensors and are thus $\mathbb Z_N$ -invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e., those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e.\ the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a $\mathbb Z_3$ -symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.We consider Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) models with a global $\mathbb Z_N$ symmetry, which are constructed from $\mathbb Z_N$-symmetric tensors and are thus $\mathbb Z_N$-invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e., those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e.\ the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a $\mathbb Z_3$-symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.

Jan 1, 20171 citation

Projected Entangled Pair States with non-Abelian gauge symmetries: An SU(2) study

Erez Zohar, Thorsten B. Wahl, Michele Burrello +1 more

arXiv:1607.08115Annals of PhysicsAug 17, 201653 citations

Z N symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models

Manuel Rispler, Kasper Duivenvoorden, Norbert Schuch

Abstract We consider projected entangled pair state (PEPS) models with a global Z N symmetry, which are constructed from Z N -symmetric tensors and are thus Z N -invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e. those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e. the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a Z 3 -symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.Abstract We consider projected entangled pair state (PEPS) models with a global Z N symmetry, which are constructed from Z N -symmetric tensors and are thus Z N -invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e. those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e. the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a Z 3 -symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.

arXiv:1703.04137Journal of Physics A Mathematical and TheoreticalJul 20, 20171 citation

{\mathbb{Z}}_{2}

on-site symmetry and study the occurrence of long-range order and spontaneous symmetry breaking. We show how long-range order is connected to a degeneracy in the spectrum of the PEPS transfer operator, and how the latter gives rise to spontaneous symmetry breaking under perturbations. We provide a succinct characterization of the symmetry-broken states in terms of the PEPS tensor, and find that using the symmetry-broken states we can derive a local entanglement Hamiltonian, thereby restoring locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for all gapped phases.

{\mathbb Z}_N

symmetry breaking in projected entangled pair state models

We consider Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) models with a global

\mathbb Z_N

symmetry, which are constructed from

\mathbb Z_N

-symmetric tensors and are thus

\mathbb Z_N

-invariant wavefunctions, and study the occurence of long-range order and symmetry breaking in these systems. First, we show that long-range order in those models is accompanied by a degeneracy in the so-called transfer operator of the system. We subsequently use this degeneracy to determine the nature of the symmetry broken states, i.e., those stable under arbitrary perturbations, and provide a succinct characterization in terms of the fixed points of the transfer operator (i.e.\ the different boundary conditions) in the individual symmetry sectors. We verify our findings numerically through the study of a

\mathbb Z_3

-symmetric model, and show that the entanglement Hamiltonian derived from the symmetry broken states is quasi-local (unlike the one derived from the symmetric state), reinforcing the locality of the entanglement Hamiltonian for gapped phases.