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On the Paradox of Quantum Entanglement and the Dual Possibilities of Physical Foundations: Quantum Limitations and Spatial Cognitive Bias

hong li

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The unmediated, instantaneous long-range correlation demonstrated by quantum entanglement has been repeatedly confirmed by experiments, yet it forms an irreconcilable logical paradox with humanity’s fundamental understanding of cosmic scale, spatial separation, and cognitive limitations. If entanglement is acknowledged to possess infinite, universal action capacity, it would lead to the extreme conclusion that humans could directly reach the boundaries of the universe and connect with the entire cosmos through microscopic quantum phenomena—a notion entirely at odds with the reality that humanity has yet to escape the solar system and remains largely ignorant of the vast majority of the universe. Through rigorous logical deduction, this paper proposes the only self-consistent dual possibilities: first, quantum entanglement may possess undiscovered physical limitations, with its nonlocal properties effective only within a finite scale; second, modern physics may harbor fundamental cognitive biases regarding the nature of space, the meaning of distance, and the reality of separation, suggesting that space is not an objective, independent foundational physical entity. This paper systematically demonstrates the rationality, self-consistency, and revolutionary implications of these two possibilities for physics and cosmology, offering a novel theoretical framework to resolve the underlying conflict between quantum mechanics and cosmology.

DOI
10.6084/m9.figshare.31834420

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The unmediated, instantaneous long-range correlation demonstrated by quantum entanglement has been repeatedly confirmed by experiments, yet it forms an irreconcilable logical paradox with humanity’s fundamental understanding of cosmic scale, spatial separation, and cognitive limitations. If entanglement is acknowledged to possess infinite, universal action capacity, it would lead to the extreme conclusion that humans could directly reach the boundaries of the universe and connect with the entire cosmos through microscopic quantum phenomena—a notion entirely at odds with the reality that humanity has yet to escape the solar system and remains largely ignorant of the vast majority of the universe. Through rigorous logical deduction, this paper proposes the only self-consistent dual possibilities: first, quantum entanglement may possess undiscovered physical limitations, with its nonlocal properties effective only within a finite scale; second, modern physics may harbor fundamental cognitive biases regarding the nature of space, the meaning of distance, and the reality of separation, suggesting that space is not an objective, independent foundational physical entity. This paper systematically demonstrates the rationality, self-consistency, and revolutionary implications of these two possibilities for physics and cosmology, offering a novel theoretical framework to resolve the underlying conflict between quantum mechanics and cosmology.
This work thoroughly dismantles the long-standing "Quantum Entanglement Paradox" by exposing mainstream physics' fundamental cognitive delusion regarding non-locality and spooky action at a distance. Mainstream quantum theory falsely assumes that particles exist as inherently independent entities prior to measurement, forcing physicists to invent mystical mechanisms to explain instant correlations across spatial distances. We demonstrate that reality is ontologically continuous and boundless. The act of measurement forcibly imposes an artificial boundary upon the undivided whole. According to the Scale-Balance Axiom (u - 1/u = 1) and Intrinsic Gauge Duality, the establishment of a boundary (1) instantly and simultaneously defines its dual complementary states (u and -1/u). Duality is not achieved via faster-than-light information transfer, but is an immediate geometric consequence of drawing a boundary itself. By correcting the misconception that spatial distance implies ontological independence, this paper reduces quantum correlations to a universal geometric necessity ("Boundless in essence, division implies duality"), completely resolving the pseudo-paradox.
We claim that the Universe’s fundamental structure is not discoverable through rationalism. The various frameworks studied are logic, mathematics, their application through theories in physics, and finally, the pivotally separate application of logic to historical evidence in formal religious belief. The basis of the prohibition is that rational structure has a limit for consistency that falls short of completeness in absolute terms. The limit of observability reaches only a framework in which correlated elements are formed paradoxically within a parent structure. Apart from our advanced ability in human reasoning, we have the same fundamental sentience possessed by other living creatures. Beyond that limit of awareness, the Universe in its native form is immaculately nonordered. We examine the dimensional relationship between quantum and classical frameworks to justify the theory. Mathematics requires operational consistency across its elements. In contrast, the Universe incorporates a feature of inconsistency in its native form. The companion paper to this document examines in detail how complexity develops from a null condition across dimensional levels. The argument’s foundation applies a general framework of stationary action and self-organization principles to the theory and experimental data on Hardy’s paradox. The complementary format to the dichotomy of paradoxical elements is its sliding scale of uncertainty between their extremes. The argument extends that the root source of societal biases, conflicts, and bigotries is the fundamental and systemic mechanism of paradox.
Abstract: Quantum entanglement stands as the most counterintuitive phenomenon in quantum mechanics, with the EPR paradox and Bell test experiments having long fueled persistent debates concerning local realism and nonlocal correlations. Mainstream interpretations either presuppose hidden variables inherent to microscopic particles or introduce ad hoc physical postulates such as many-worlds branching or spontaneous collapse, yet none can dissolve the logical paradox of "spooky action at a distance" from the cognitive foundations. This paper takes as its sole inferential basis the theoretical framework proposed in Discrimination Mind and Wavefunction Collapse: A Novel Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics Based on the Temporal Resolution of Consciousness, and draws upon the mathematical conclusions of the von Neumann measurement chain, the pratyakṣa-anumāna (direct perception vs. conceptual discrimination) cognitive model from Yogācāra Buddhism, and the core dynamics of conscious temporal sampling to reconstruct a comprehensive explanatory system for quantum entanglement across five dimensions: ontology, measurement dynamics, temporal scaling, epistemological foundations, and compatibility with Bell inequalities. [The "global indivisible quantum state" discussed herein is strictly limited to indecomposable pure entangled states (e.g., Bell states, GHZ states); for separable states, although the mathematics permits independent subsystem descriptions, they remain within the same untruncated von Neumann chain in the global evolution, and their failure to exhibit nonlocal correlations is precisely the result of anumāna being able to lock them separately.] The central argument reveals: the bipartition of particles, spatial segmentation, and independent objects are all cognitive slices manufactured by human anumāna (discrimination mind) based on finite temporal resolution; entanglement is not an intrinsic nonlocal force of microscopic particles, but rather a holistic appearance presented by globally unsegmented quantum states under observations with low temporal resolution; the global entanglement chain can only be uniformly truncated through human conceptual discrimination operations, with no instantaneous cross-spatial signal transmission involved. The locking of the global entanglement chain is equivalent to a retrospective anumāna validation of the initial preparation conditions—that is, a single discrete sampling by anumāna simultaneously defines the initial boundary conditions of the entangled system and all subsequent correlations. The entire explanatory framework introduces no additional ad hoc physical postulates, inheriting from the original theory only "the anumāna equipped with temporal locking function" as its transcendental intuitive axiom, while relying on the original theory's three-tiered experimental designs to yield falsifiable predictions, thereby offering a unified interpretation of quantum nonlocal correlations that integrates physical logic, cognitive science, and Eastern theories of mind.
Quantum entanglement represents one of the most profound and counterintuitive phenomena in modern physics, fundamentally challenging classical notions of locality, causality, and separability. This comprehensive review examines the theoretical foundations of quantum entanglement, tracing its conceptual development from Einstein's critique of quantum mechanics through Bell's theorem to contemporary experimental verification. The paper synthesizes current understanding of entanglement's mathematical formalism, its role in violating Bell inequalities, and the resolution of the EPR paradox. Extensive discussion is devoted to landmark experiments that have conclusively demonstrated non-local correlations, including photon polarization studies, satellite-based quantum communication, and loophole-free Bell tests. The work further explores emerging technological applications in quantum cryptography, quantum computing, and quantum teleportation, while addressing fundamental questions regarding the nature of reality, information, and the relationship between quantum mechanics and general relativity. Finally, the paper examines open questions and speculative frameworks suggesting that entanglement may represent a foundational principle underlying spacetime geometry itself. Video documentation of this analysis is available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YDGKuXYRPpI.
The phenomenon of quantum entanglement (EPR paradox) has remained one of the most debated issues in fundamental physics for a century. This paper proposes a physical resolution to this problem without invoking concepts of long-range action or speculative spatial geometries. Based on the informational-cosmological model of the Universe developed by the author (fixed in the preprint DOI:10.5281/zenodo.22012521), the mechanism of instantaneous response of entangled particles is considered as a natural consequence of the scalability of the quantized vacuum structure. This theoretical model logically follows from the analysis of phase synchronization of pendulum systems on a common rigid foundation, transferred to the Planck metric of the cosmic medium.
Quantum entanglement remains one of the most perplexing and foundational phenomena in quantum mechanics, demonstrating instantaneous correlations between particles regardless of distance. This article hypothesizes that quantum entanglement may serve not merely as an artifact of quantum systems but as a fundamental structural component of a broader multiversal framework. By synthesizing principles from quantum mechanics, theoretical physics, and cosmology, the argument is developed that entanglement might indicate the coexistence and interaction of parallel realities. Such a perspective challenges the conventional interpretation of entanglement as a closed-system phenomenon and posits it instead as an interdimensional tether across multiple universes. Though currently speculative and beyond empirical verification, this hypothesis opens a philosophical and theoretical avenue for reevaluating the implications of entanglement and the nature of reality itself. By reframing entanglement as a bridge rather than a boundary, the article explores whether the quantum world subtly encodes the existence of the multiverse within its very correlations.