Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Topological Decoherence Suppression in Long Baseline Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs

Jason R Rinehart

Published Mar 19, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Ontological Universal Entanglement Field Theory (OUEFT) predicts that the conserved topological linking number Q_link of a polarization-entangled Bell pair suppresses its environmental decoherence rate relative to the standard Lindblad prediction by a factor of exp(−Q_link² ΔS_ent), where ΔS_ent is the swing-surface entropy cost of breaking the braid. This proposal defines a single, pre-registered laboratory test of that prediction using type-II parametric down-conversion (PDC) photon pairs separated over km-scale fiber links at 10 dB squeezing. The predicted central value is Γ_obs / Γ_std ≈ 0.78 ± 0.04 (i.e., approximately 22% suppression), with a pre-registered acceptance range of 0.73–0.83, derived from the swingsurface formula at 10 dB squeezing. A null result at this level falsifies the topological-protection mechanism of OUEFT at greater than 3σ. A positive result would constitute the first experimental evidence that conserved topological linking numbers govern photon-pair decoherence beyond standard predictions, which is a necessary (though not sufficient) condition for the OUEFT ontology.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.19120429

Related papers

Quantum-Biological Signatures in Neuronal Microtubules and the Emergence of Consciousness

Jason R Rinehart

This addendum extends the Ontological Universal Entanglement Field Theory (OUEFT) framework—without introducing new parameters or primitives—to the domain of quantum biology and consciousness. All predictions derive directly from the existing axioms (Axioms 1–3), the flat-space parametric down-conversion (PDC) Bell-pair toy model (Section 3.1), the swing-surface entanglement entropy definition (Axiom 2 + Appendix A), the generalized wedge-connectivity dynamics (Axiom 3), the conserved topological linking number Qlink Q_{\rm link} Qlink (Section 3), the Lindblad suppression formula (Section 3.1), the holographic RG bridge for rent(ρbraid) r_{\rm ent}(\rho_{\rm braid}) rent(ρbraid) (Section 5.6), and the variable-Λeff \Lambda_{\rm eff} Λeff scaling calibrated solely to the Wempe et al. (2026) pancake-sheet overdensity δ=6.5±0.5 \delta = 6.5 \pm 0.5 δ=6.5±0.5 and the global baryon-to-photon ratio η≈6×10−10 \eta \approx 6 \times 10^{-10} η≈6×10−10 (which fixes θbraid \theta_{\rm braid} θbraid to reproduce LHCb/Belle II ACP=2.45% A_{\rm CP} = 2.45\% ACP=2.45% at 5.2σ).

•Mar 16, 2026•0 citations

Noise-resistant quantum-optical information processing via joint topological and polarization entanglement (Conference Presentation)

Alexander V. Sergienko, David S. Simon, Shuto Osawa

Directionally-unbiased multiports and topological states. The goal is to entangle states associated with distinct topological sectors, and to do so in a way that allows this entangled topology to be readily available for information processing and detection. Specifically, linear optics will be used to produce: (i) winding-number-entangled bulk states, and (ii) an entangled pair of error-protected memory registers. To create the states, a source of initial polarization-entangled light is necessary, specifically type-II spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) in a nonlinear crystal. All further processing requires only linear optical elements. Topological invariants characterize global properties of systems and cannot be easily distinguished by localized measurements. This difficulty in measurement traditionally limits their use in many applications. That problem is solved here by linking topology to a more easily-measured variable, polarization. Polarization and winding number will be tightly correlated (and in fact, jointly entangled with each other), but will serve distinct purposes: winding number provides stability against perturbations, while polarization allows easy access and measurement. Jointly-entangled topologically-protected bulk states. Start with a polarization-entangled photon source, type-II spontaneous parametric down conversion in a nonlinear crystal allowing the two-photon output to be taken as an entangled Bell state. The goal is to convert this into a state of entangled winding number, while keeping polarization entanglement intact to use for control and measurement purposes.

Quantum Communications and Quantum Imaging•Sep 10, 2019•1 citation

Quantum Entanglement: Geometric Shaping Through Environment and Medium

Robert Markham

Quantum entanglement is usually treated as a nonlocal correlation between two particles, with no physical mechanism explaining how the shared state persists across distance. This paper develops a geometric account of entanglement within the Field Intrinsic Gravity Induced Density (FIGID) framework. When a photon enters a nonlinear crystal and undergoes parametric down-conversion, the result is not two independent particles. It is one field condensation that has been divided into two lobes of a single extended field state. These lobes remain connected through the fill-density substrate at baseline density ρ₀. The coherence of this extended state is governed not by the gradient of the fill-density field but by its roughness — the spatial variance of the gradient, which measures how rapidly the field landscape bends. This roughness is defined as a scalar quantity σ_ρ = avg(|∇δρ|²), and it determines the coherence length through an inverse-roughness law: L_c = K_lab / R_n, where R_n is the measurable refractive-index gradient roughness and K_lab is a universal constant. This law predicts that coherence length is controlled entirely by the environmental roughness of the intervening medium, producing a universal hyperbola that spans vacuum, optical fiber, and open air. The coupling constant β between fill-density and refractive index is fixed by the FIGID complementarity relation S × T = 1, giving β = ρ₀/2 with no adjustable parameters. The coherence law therefore contains only one undetermined quantity: the collapse threshold C₀. The framework provides a physical mechanism for why entangled states persist: they are one object, and the environment determines how far that object can stretch before being forced to localize. A companion paper [11] establishes that localization is driven by the gradient environment of the detector, not by pre-existing properties of the particle, ensuring compatibility with Bell’s theorem. A specific experimental prediction distinguishes this account from standard decoherence theory: active field smoothing of the intervening medium should extend entanglement range beyond what passive vacuum improvement alone achieves.

•Mar 13, 2026•0 citations

Paper XXVI: Quantum Computation from Hopf Solitons — Topological Confinement of a Singlet–Triplet Orientation Qubit

Alexander Novickis

Abstract We propose the Hopf soliton vacuum --- the topological field-theoretic framework of Papers I--XV --- as a 3+1-dimensional platform for topological quantum computation (TQC). A qubit is encoded in the mutual linking number $L \in \{0, 1\}$ of a Hopf soliton pair: $|0\rangle$ corresponds to an unlinked pair, $|1\rangle$ to a linked pair. Since linking number is an integer topological invariant, the qubit is passively protected against decoherence --- errors require reconnection events exponentially suppressed at energies below the soliton mass gap $\Delta$. The SU(2)$_1$ Chern-Simons theory governing the Hopf vacuum (Paper V) provides the R-matrix $R = e^{i\pi/4}$ for soliton exchange, yielding Abelian (semionic) braiding. While SU(2)$_1$ alone is not universal, the 3+1D loop braid group provides additional operations (leapfrogging) beyond 2+1D braiding, and universality can be achieved via magic state distillation. We construct a gate set from soliton self-linking (single-qubit rotations) and inter-pair braiding (entangling gates), showing that topological protection yields error rates exponentially small in the ratio of system size to correlation length. Physical implementations include liquid crystal Hopfions, BEC vortex knots, and photonic topological states. This is a theoretical proposal: no experimental realization currently exists. > [!warning] Speculative Content > This paper is a theoretical proposal. The identification of Hopf soliton pairs as a TQC platform is new and untested. Standard TQC theory (Kitaev, Freedman et al., Nayak et al.) is well-established; the application to Hopf solitons is speculative. We clearly distinguish established results from proposals throughout. Keywords physics quantum computing topology anyons braiding TQC hopf solitons Type Preprint License CC BY 4.0 Date 2026-03-22 Subject Theoretical Physics DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19108219 © 2026 Alexander Novickis. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.

•Mar 19, 2026•0 citations

Quantum Entanglement in the Unified Framework of the Cosmology of the Quarkbase

Omeñaca Prado, Carlos

In the Cosmology of the Quarkbase, quantum particles and photons are interpreted as excitations of an etheric plasma represented by the scalar or vector field Ψ(x,t). An experiment that, in standard quantum theory, produces an entangled pair instead generates in this framework a single non-local field excitation: a coherent combination of Ψ-modes correlated through conservation of momentum, spin, and polarization, as well as through the coupling topology between local sources (quarkbases). Local measurement acts as a projection on this extended excitation, producing the experimentally observed strong correlations without any exchange of causal signals between detectors. The Quarkbase formalism introduces explicit medium parameters —density ρp, compressibility K, and effective mass mΨ— that define physical scales such as the screening length λ = 1/mΨ. These quantities determine the spatial decay of entanglement visibility according to V(r) ∝ e⁻ʳ/λ / r, and the effective CHSH parameter becomes Seff = C(r) 2√2. Therefore, if the vacuum possesses a finite λ, Bell-type correlations should attenuate exponentially with distance, providing a falsifiable signature of a massive or screened etheric field. Mathematically, the framework reproduces the predictions of quantum field theory —Bell states, coincidence probabilities, CHSH violation— while offering an ontological interpretation in which entanglement arises from the geometry and coherence of the Ψ-field rather than from instantaneous nonlocal action. The theory therefore unifies microscopic quantum behavior with macroscopic medium dynamics, transforming questions about “collapse” and “nonlocality” into experimentally testable properties of the underlying ether-plasma.

•Sep 16, 2025•0 citations

Soft Gaps Destroy Quantum Information: Topological Protection as a Hard Gap Phenomenon

Ali Bourizk

We demonstrate that the topological entanglement entropy (γ = log D) is a pure universal number that strictly requires a hard gap (s=0) to exist. Building on the Hard Gap Criterion established in "The Hard Gap Criterion: Universality Classes and Thermodynamic Scaling in Gapped Dephasing Baths", we prove that a soft gap (s ≥ 1) induces anyon proliferation, destroys the topological order, and drives γ → 0. This establishes that the conservation of many-body quantum information is not just a property of the Hamiltonian, but a direct consequence of the infrared spectral structure of the environment. We show that γ is the many-body analogue of the entanglement concurrence C in the conservation law V² + C² = 1 established in "Conservation of Quantum Information in Gapped Baths: The Duality-Depleted Regime". The area law term represents local decoherence, while the topological constant represents globally protected information. The derivation uses only established theorems (the area law of entanglement entropy, the Kitaev-Preskill topological correction, and the algebraic theory of anyons) and contains no fitting, no adjustment, and no circularity. We provide exact numerical validation via the stabilizer formalism, computing the exact pure numbers for the Toric code (log 2 ≈ 0.693147), the Ising model (log 2), and the Fibonacci model (≈ 0.642965). The exact diagonalization confirms that the topological ground state is exactly pure (total stabilizer rank equals the number of qubits), validating the perfect delocalization of quantum information. We state four falsifiable predictions and provide a complete, reproducible Python script.

•Oct 27, 2026•0 citations
Ontological Universal Entanglement Field Theory (OUEFT) predicts that the conserved topological linking number Q_link of a polarization-entangled Bell pair suppresses its environmental decoherence rate relative to the standard Lindblad prediction by a factor of exp(−Q_link² ΔS_ent), where ΔS_ent is the swing-surface entropy cost of breaking the braid. This proposal defines a single, pre-registered laboratory test of that prediction using type-II parametric down-conversion (PDC) photon pairs separated over km-scale fiber links at 10 dB squeezing. The predicted central value is Γ_obs / Γ_std ≈ 0.78 ± 0.04 (i.e., approximately 22% suppression), with a pre-registered acceptance range of 0.73–0.83, derived from the swingsurface formula at 10 dB squeezing. A null result at this level falsifies the topological-protection mechanism of OUEFT at greater than 3σ. A positive result would constitute the first experimental evidence that conserved topological linking numbers govern photon-pair decoherence beyond standard predictions, which is a necessary (though not sufficient) condition for the OUEFT ontology.
This addendum extends the Ontological Universal Entanglement Field Theory (OUEFT) framework—without introducing new parameters or primitives—to the domain of quantum biology and consciousness. All predictions derive directly from the existing axioms (Axioms 1–3), the flat-space parametric down-conversion (PDC) Bell-pair toy model (Section 3.1), the swing-surface entanglement entropy definition (Axiom 2 + Appendix A), the generalized wedge-connectivity dynamics (Axiom 3), the conserved topological linking number Qlink Q_{\rm link} Qlink (Section 3), the Lindblad suppression formula (Section 3.1), the holographic RG bridge for rent(ρbraid) r_{\rm ent}(\rho_{\rm braid}) rent(ρbraid) (Section 5.6), and the variable-Λeff \Lambda_{\rm eff} Λeff scaling calibrated solely to the Wempe et al. (2026) pancake-sheet overdensity δ=6.5±0.5 \delta = 6.5 \pm 0.5 δ=6.5±0.5 and the global baryon-to-photon ratio η≈6×10−10 \eta \approx 6 \times 10^{-10} η≈6×10−10 (which fixes θbraid \theta_{\rm braid} θbraid to reproduce LHCb/Belle II ACP=2.45% A_{\rm CP} = 2.45\% ACP=2.45% at 5.2σ).
Directionally-unbiased multiports and topological states. The goal is to entangle states associated with distinct topological sectors, and to do so in a way that allows this entangled topology to be readily available for information processing and detection. Specifically, linear optics will be used to produce: (i) winding-number-entangled bulk states, and (ii) an entangled pair of error-protected memory registers. To create the states, a source of initial polarization-entangled light is necessary, specifically type-II spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) in a nonlinear crystal. All further processing requires only linear optical elements. Topological invariants characterize global properties of systems and cannot be easily distinguished by localized measurements. This difficulty in measurement traditionally limits their use in many applications. That problem is solved here by linking topology to a more easily-measured variable, polarization. Polarization and winding number will be tightly correlated (and in fact, jointly entangled with each other), but will serve distinct purposes: winding number provides stability against perturbations, while polarization allows easy access and measurement. Jointly-entangled topologically-protected bulk states. Start with a polarization-entangled photon source, type-II spontaneous parametric down conversion in a nonlinear crystal allowing the two-photon output to be taken as an entangled Bell state. The goal is to convert this into a state of entangled winding number, while keeping polarization entanglement intact to use for control and measurement purposes.
Quantum entanglement is usually treated as a nonlocal correlation between two particles, with no physical mechanism explaining how the shared state persists across distance. This paper develops a geometric account of entanglement within the Field Intrinsic Gravity Induced Density (FIGID) framework. When a photon enters a nonlinear crystal and undergoes parametric down-conversion, the result is not two independent particles. It is one field condensation that has been divided into two lobes of a single extended field state. These lobes remain connected through the fill-density substrate at baseline density ρ₀. The coherence of this extended state is governed not by the gradient of the fill-density field but by its roughness — the spatial variance of the gradient, which measures how rapidly the field landscape bends. This roughness is defined as a scalar quantity σ_ρ = avg(|∇δρ|²), and it determines the coherence length through an inverse-roughness law: L_c = K_lab / R_n, where R_n is the measurable refractive-index gradient roughness and K_lab is a universal constant. This law predicts that coherence length is controlled entirely by the environmental roughness of the intervening medium, producing a universal hyperbola that spans vacuum, optical fiber, and open air. The coupling constant β between fill-density and refractive index is fixed by the FIGID complementarity relation S × T = 1, giving β = ρ₀/2 with no adjustable parameters. The coherence law therefore contains only one undetermined quantity: the collapse threshold C₀. The framework provides a physical mechanism for why entangled states persist: they are one object, and the environment determines how far that object can stretch before being forced to localize. A companion paper [11] establishes that localization is driven by the gradient environment of the detector, not by pre-existing properties of the particle, ensuring compatibility with Bell’s theorem. A specific experimental prediction distinguishes this account from standard decoherence theory: active field smoothing of the intervening medium should extend entanglement range beyond what passive vacuum improvement alone achieves.
Abstract We propose the Hopf soliton vacuum --- the topological field-theoretic framework of Papers I--XV --- as a 3+1-dimensional platform for topological quantum computation (TQC). A qubit is encoded in the mutual linking number L∈{0,1}L \in \{0, 1\}L∈{0,1} of a Hopf soliton pair: ∣0⟩|0\rangle∣0⟩ corresponds to an unlinked pair, ∣1⟩|1\rangle∣1⟩ to a linked pair. Since linking number is an integer topological invariant, the qubit is passively protected against decoherence --- errors require reconnection events exponentially suppressed at energies below the soliton mass gap Δ\DeltaΔ. The SU(2)1_11​ Chern-Simons theory governing the Hopf vacuum (Paper V) provides the R-matrix R=eiπ/4R = e^{i\pi/4}R=eiπ/4 for soliton exchange, yielding Abelian (semionic) braiding. While SU(2)1_11​ alone is not universal, the 3+1D loop braid group provides additional operations (leapfrogging) beyond 2+1D braiding, and universality can be achieved via magic state distillation. We construct a gate set from soliton self-linking (single-qubit rotations) and inter-pair braiding (entangling gates), showing that topological protection yields error rates exponentially small in the ratio of system size to correlation length. Physical implementations include liquid crystal Hopfions, BEC vortex knots, and photonic topological states. This is a theoretical proposal: no experimental realization currently exists. > [!warning] Speculative Content > This paper is a theoretical proposal. The identification of Hopf soliton pairs as a TQC platform is new and untested. Standard TQC theory (Kitaev, Freedman et al., Nayak et al.) is well-established; the application to Hopf solitons is speculative. We clearly distinguish established results from proposals throughout. Keywords physics quantum computing topology anyons braiding TQC hopf solitons Type Preprint License CC BY 4.0 Date 2026-03-22 Subject Theoretical Physics DOI 10.5281/zenodo.19108219 © 2026 Alexander Novickis. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.
In the Cosmology of the Quarkbase, quantum particles and photons are interpreted as excitations of an etheric plasma represented by the scalar or vector field Ψ(x,t). An experiment that, in standard quantum theory, produces an entangled pair instead generates in this framework a single non-local field excitation: a coherent combination of Ψ-modes correlated through conservation of momentum, spin, and polarization, as well as through the coupling topology between local sources (quarkbases). Local measurement acts as a projection on this extended excitation, producing the experimentally observed strong correlations without any exchange of causal signals between detectors. The Quarkbase formalism introduces explicit medium parameters —density ρp, compressibility K, and effective mass mΨ— that define physical scales such as the screening length λ = 1/mΨ. These quantities determine the spatial decay of entanglement visibility according to V(r) ∝ e⁻ʳ/λ / r, and the effective CHSH parameter becomes Seff = C(r) 2√2. Therefore, if the vacuum possesses a finite λ, Bell-type correlations should attenuate exponentially with distance, providing a falsifiable signature of a massive or screened etheric field. Mathematically, the framework reproduces the predictions of quantum field theory —Bell states, coincidence probabilities, CHSH violation— while offering an ontological interpretation in which entanglement arises from the geometry and coherence of the Ψ-field rather than from instantaneous nonlocal action. The theory therefore unifies microscopic quantum behavior with macroscopic medium dynamics, transforming questions about “collapse” and “nonlocality” into experimentally testable properties of the underlying ether-plasma.
We demonstrate that the topological entanglement entropy (γ = log D) is a pure universal number that strictly requires a hard gap (s=0) to exist. Building on the Hard Gap Criterion established in "The Hard Gap Criterion: Universality Classes and Thermodynamic Scaling in Gapped Dephasing Baths", we prove that a soft gap (s ≥ 1) induces anyon proliferation, destroys the topological order, and drives γ → 0. This establishes that the conservation of many-body quantum information is not just a property of the Hamiltonian, but a direct consequence of the infrared spectral structure of the environment. We show that γ is the many-body analogue of the entanglement concurrence C in the conservation law V² + C² = 1 established in "Conservation of Quantum Information in Gapped Baths: The Duality-Depleted Regime". The area law term represents local decoherence, while the topological constant represents globally protected information. The derivation uses only established theorems (the area law of entanglement entropy, the Kitaev-Preskill topological correction, and the algebraic theory of anyons) and contains no fitting, no adjustment, and no circularity. We provide exact numerical validation via the stabilizer formalism, computing the exact pure numbers for the Toric code (log 2 ≈ 0.693147), the Ising model (log 2), and the Fibonacci model (≈ 0.642965). The exact diagonalization confirms that the topological ground state is exactly pure (total stabilizer rank equals the number of qubits), validating the perfect delocalization of quantum information. We state four falsifiable predictions and provide a complete, reproducible Python script.