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Near-Infrared Polarization-Entangled Photons From Orthogonal GaAs Nanowires

Elise Bailly, Grégoire Saerens, Wenhe Jia, Helena Weigand, Thomas Dursap, Andreas Maeder, Philippe Régreny, Robert J. Chapman, Alexandre Danescu, Nicolas Chauvin, José Peñuelas, Rachel Grange

Published Jun 23, 2025• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present a new platform to generate polarization entangled photons at the nanoscale. This platform is composed of two orthogonal GaAs nanowires that both emit photon pairs through type 0 spontaneous parametric down conversion.

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Quantum entanglement is a fundamental resource for emerging quantum technologies, enabling secure communication and enhanced sensing. For decades, generating polarization entangled states has been mainly achieved using bulk crystals with spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC), preventing scalability and on-chip integration. Miniaturizing the quantum source provides access to more versatility and tunability while enabling an easier integration to other devices, notably necessary for satellite-based quantum communication, and eventually reducing fabrication costs. This challenging task can be achieved with Zinc Blende GaAs nanowires. They already have shown an efficient photon pairs generation via SPDC at 1550 nm. Here we demonstrate that a pair of orthogonal GaAs nanowires constitutes a new nanoscale platform to control the quantum state at telecommunication wavelength, enabling a transition from polarization entangled to separable states as a function of the pump polarization, with fidelities reaching 90%
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Tunable photonic quantum entanglement promises to advance information processing beyond classical approaches, facilitating applications in quantum communications, imaging and computing. A practical approach to preparing quantum entanglement at room temperature is to engineer photon-pair generation through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). Nonlinear flat-optics devices, incorporating subwavelength-thick nonlinear materials, are emerging as new platforms for generating photon pairs at the nanoscale. In particular, nanostructured metasurfaces supporting optical resonances can enhance and tailor SPDC processes, allowing for the generation of spectral, polarization, and spatial entanglement [1]. However, the tunability of polarization entanglement is subject to the symmetry of nonlinear tensors of materials, where the pump photon polarization serves as the only tuning parameter [2].
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