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IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)

Movable Antenna Array-based Secure Communication Against Multiple Eavesdroppers with Artificial Noise

Junshan Luo, Yingjie Wu, Yonggang Zhu, Weiyu Chen, Shilian Wang

Published Oct 16, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper investigates joint-movable antenna (MA)-and-artificial noise (AN)-assisted secure communication system in presence of multiple eavesdroppers. The transmit beamformer, the AN precoder, and the positions of the transmit antennas are jointly optimized to maximize the achievable secrecy rate. In order to address the formulated complicated non-convex optimization problem, an approximate expression of the objective function is derived, based on which the problem is solved by invoking the successive convex approximation algorithm. Numerical results show that the MA technique can effectively enhance the secure performance. Nonetheless, the MA technique alone is not sufficient for fully boosting the secure performance when the number of eavesdroppers or the transmit power is large, in which case applying AN can bring additional significant performance gains.

DOI
10.1109/icct67417.2025.11374136

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This paper investigates joint-movable antenna (MA)-and-artificial noise (AN)-assisted secure communication system in presence of multiple eavesdroppers. The transmit beamformer, the AN precoder, and the positions of the transmit antennas are jointly optimized to maximize the achievable secrecy rate. In order to address the formulated complicated non-convex optimization problem, an approximate expression of the objective function is derived, based on which the problem is solved by invoking the successive convex approximation algorithm. Numerical results show that the MA technique can effectively enhance the secure performance. Nonetheless, the MA technique alone is not sufficient for fully boosting the secure performance when the number of eavesdroppers or the transmit power is large, in which case applying AN can bring additional significant performance gains.
Wireless communication is vulnerable to deep fading and eavesdropping, especially in long-distance double-hop scenarios. To address these issues, this paper proposes the movable antenna (MA-assisted secure transmission scheme. This scheme is designed for a cooperative wireless communication system in the presence of multiple single-antenna eavesdroppers. Our objective is to maximize the achievable secrecy rate, by jointly optimizing the transmit beamforming and antenna positions vectors. To solve the highly non-convex problem due to the strongly coupled variables, the alternating optimization and projected gradient ascent (PGA) methods are designed to the joint update of MA position and beamforming. Furthermore, an artificial noise (AN) interference signal is introduced. Specifically, the legitimate link actively transmits jamming noise to eavesdroppers during signal transmission, thereby enhancing the channel capacity of the secure communication system. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed MA-assisted secure transmission for the cooperative wireless communication system significantly outperforms conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA)-assisted systems by up to 70% and existing benchmarks in terms of secrecy rate.
This paper considers a movable antenna (MA)-aided secure multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system consisting of a base station (BS), a legitimate information receiver (IR) and an eavesdropper (Eve), where the BS is equipped with MAs to enhance the system’s physical layer security (PLS). Specifically, we aim to maximize the secrecy rate (SR) by jointly optimizing the transmit precoding (TPC) matrix, the artificial noise (AN) covariance matrix and the MAs’ positions under the constraints of the maximum transmit power and the minimum spacing between MAs. To solve this non-convex problem with highly coupled optimization variables, the block coordinate descent (BCD) method is applied to alternately update the variables. Specifically, we first reformulate the SR into a tractable form, and derive the optimal TPC matrix and the AN covariance matrix with fixed MAs’ positions by applying the Lagrangian multiplier method in semi-closed forms. Then, the majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm is employed to iteratively optimize each MA’s position while keeping others fixed. We also extend this work to the more general multicast scenario. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and the significant advantages of the MAs over conventional fixed position antennas (FPAs) in enhancing system’s security.
Movable antenna (MA) array is a novel technology recently developed where positions of transmit/receive antennas can be flexibly adjusted in the specified region to reconfigure the wireless channel and achieve a higher capacity. In this letter, we, for the first time, investigate the MA array-assisted physical-layer security where the confidential information is transmitted from a MA array-enabled Alice to a single-antenna Bob, in the presence of multiple single-antenna and colluding eavesdroppers. We aim to maximize the achievable secrecy rate by jointly designing the transmit beamforming and positions of all antennas at Alice subject to the transmit power budget and specified regions for positions of all transmit antennas. The resulting problem is highly non-convex, for which the projected gradient ascent (PGA) and the alternating optimization methods are utilized to obtain a high-quality suboptimal solution. Simulation results demonstrate that since the additional spatial degree of freedom (DoF) can be fully exploited, the MA array significantly enhances the secrecy rate compared to the conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) array.
In this paper, we investigate the downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) secure transmission systems, where a base station (BS) uses superposition coding to transmit information to users in the presence of multiple colluding eavesdroppers. To improve the information security, we propose a movable antenna (MA) and active beamforming (AB) assisted NOMA (MAABaN) secure transmission scheme, in which the BS is equipped with multiple MAs to enhance the physical layer security (PLS). To this end, we formulate a sum secrecy rate maximization optimization problem by jointly optimizing the AB vectors and the MA positions. To solve the complex non-convex problem, we employ the alternating optimization method to transform the original problem into two subproblems. Regarding the subproblem of MA positions, we analyze the coupling relationship between the position variables, and optimize one set of position variables while keeping others fixed. Then, we propose a low-complexity iterative algorithm for the MA positions based on multi-start gradient ascent (MSGA), and construct a joint optimization framework of MA and AB. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed MAABaN scheme can effectively enhance PLS performance, and the proposed MSGA-based algorithm can also be applied to MA-assisted NOMA secure transmission systems.
This paper studies secure wireless transmission from a multi-antenna transmitter to a single-antenna intended receiver overheard by multiple eavesdroppers with considering the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of wiretap channel.To enhance security of communication link, the artificial noise (AN) is generated at transmitter.We first design the robust joint optimal beamforming of secret signal and AN to minimize transmit power with constraints of security quality of service (QoS), i.e., minimum allowable signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) at receiver and maximum tolerable SINR at eavesdroppers.The formulated design problem is shown to be nonconvex and we transfer it into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).The semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is used and the approximated method is proved to solve the original problem exactly.To verify the robustness and tightness of proposed beamforming, we also provide a method to calculate the worst-case SINR at eavesdroppers for a designed transmit scheme using semidefinite programming (SDP).Additionally, the secrecy rate maximization is explored for fixed total transmit power.To tackle the nonconvexity of original formulation, we develop an iterative approach employing sequential parametric convex approximation (SPCA).The simulation results illustrate that the proposed robust transmit schemes can effectively improve the transmit performance.
In this paper, we address physical layer security for amplify-and-forward (AF) multi-antenna relay systems in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. A robust joint design of cooperative beamforming (CB) and artificial noise (AN) is proposed with imperfect channel state information (CSI) of both the destination and the eavesdroppers. We aim to maximize the worst-case secrecy rate subject to the sum power and the per-antenna power constraints at the relay. Such joint design problem is non-convex. By utilizing the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique, S-procedure and the successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithm, the original non-convex optimization problem is recast into a series of semidefinite programs (SDPs) which can be efficiently solved using interior-methods. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design.