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Springer eBooks

Spatial Structured Optical Beams and Their Classical and Quantum Information Science and Technology Applications

G. K. Samanta, N. Raghu Meetei

Published Jan 1, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-032-11838-7_20

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Quantum information science (QIS) offers ways to process information that are not realizable with classical information technology. Today, many QIS applications are based on photons, which can carry information in different degrees of freedom: polarization, transverse spatial mode and frequency. Although polarization is the most widely used basis, it is intrinsically restricted to two dimensions which ultimately limits its potential for QIS. Transverse spatial modes on the other hand have received a lot of attention when the orbital angular momentum (OAM) states of photons have been recognized as suitable basis states for high-dimensional QIS. However, since information is encoded into spatial field modes, OAM states are inherently incompatible with integrated network architectures based on single-mode fibers and thus of limited use for practical applications.
High-dimensional all-optical information transfer facilitates large-capacity, high-speed, and energy-efficient optical communication, playing a pivotal role in advancing modern photonic technologies. Here, we demonstrate the all-optical transfer of structured information between two beams with different frequencies via spatial cross-phase modulation in a hot 85Rb vapor. A high-power pump beam, characterized by a structured light, induces a refractive index change in the rubidium vapor. A low-power, initially Gaussian probe beam counter-propagates through the rubidium vapor cell, undergoing a nonlinear phase shift induced by the pump beam. This enables the transfer of the spatial characteristics imprinted by the pump beam onto the probe beam with maximum structural integrity and similarity. The spatial evolution of the transverse intensity of the probe beam vs frequency detunings of the pump and probe beams, pump beam power, and cell temperature is studied. We have further shown that the structural similarity can be manipulated by changing the pump beam power and temperature of the vapor cell. Our findings may reveal a way to manipulate light fields, offering potential applications in optical communication, all-optical data processing, and advanced photonic devices.