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Why Prof. Carlo Rovelli's View on Time is actually Wrong? Yes, Time Exist! Please Stop This Nonsense That Time Does Not Exist

Sardar Dilbag Singh Khalsa

Published Feb 6, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

I am not sure whether space or matter existed or not but i am sure enough that time always existed, but actually we dont have control over it” I present a critical argument on the essay by Prof. Carlo Rovelli. ”Forget Time” is a 2008-2009 essay by physicist Carlo Rovelli arguing that time is not a fundamental feature ofthe physical universe, but rather an emergent, subjective, or relativistic concept. It proposes that quantum gravity requires abandoning the notion of a universal,independent time variable in favor of relational, ”thermal” time. Several modern approaches to quantum gravity propose that time is not a fundamental elementof nature, but rather an emergent or purely relational concept. In this work we critically examine this claim from an operational and dynamical standpoint. We demonstrate that the elimination of time undermines the mathematical and experimental foundations of physics itself. Core structures such as quantum evolution, wave propagation, conservation laws, thermodynamics, and cosmological expansion all require an explicit temporal parameter to retain physical meaning. Without time, the notions of dynamics, causality, and prediction collapse,rendering physical theory observationally empty. We argue that while the classical notion of absolute time may require generalization, the complete removalof time from fundamental theory is neither mathematically consistent nor physically viable. A successful theory of quantum gravity must therefore incorporate time as an indispensable structural element, rather than discard it. Time may be refined, reinterpreted, or extended—but it cannot be eliminated.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.18507777

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I am not sure whether space or matter existed or not but i am sure enough that time always existed, but actually we dont have control over it” I present a critical argument on the essay by Prof. Carlo Rovelli. ”Forget Time” is a 2008-2009 essay by physicist Carlo Rovelli arguing that time is not a fundamental feature ofthe physical universe, but rather an emergent, subjective, or relativistic concept. It proposes that quantum gravity requires abandoning the notion of a universal,independent time variable in favor of relational, ”thermal” time. Several modern approaches to quantum gravity propose that time is not a fundamental elementof nature, but rather an emergent or purely relational concept. In this work we critically examine this claim from an operational and dynamical standpoint. We demonstrate that the elimination of time undermines the mathematical and experimental foundations of physics itself. Core structures such as quantum evolution, wave propagation, conservation laws, thermodynamics, and cosmological expansion all require an explicit temporal parameter to retain physical meaning. Without time, the notions of dynamics, causality, and prediction collapse,rendering physical theory observationally empty. We argue that while the classical notion of absolute time may require generalization, the complete removalof time from fundamental theory is neither mathematically consistent nor physically viable. A successful theory of quantum gravity must therefore incorporate time as an indispensable structural element, rather than discard it. Time may be refined, reinterpreted, or extended—but it cannot be eliminated.
This article offers a critical analysis of Carlo Rovelli’s conceptual positions in works devoted to interpretations of quantum mechanics and the notion of time. Attention is paid to the relational interpretation developed by the author in “Helgoland: Making Sense of the Quantum Revolution” and to its philosophical foundations, which go back to the ideas of Ernst Mach and Nagarjuna. The article examines key elements of the quantum-mechanical formalism, including the superposition principle, interference effects, and commutation relations, with emphasis on their interpretive consequences. The article also analyzes Rovelli’s critical remarks on alternative approaches, such as Hugh Everett III’s many-worlds interpretation, hidden-variable theories associated with the works of Louis de Broglie and David Bohm, as well as models that propose a physical explanation of wave-function collapse. It is shown that some of the author’s arguments are limited in scope and do not consider contemporary experimental results, in particular studies that cast doubt on the epistemological interpretation of the wave function. Special attention is given to internal contradictions in Rovelli’s relational approach, including the problem of the ontological status of objects and the reconciliation of the principle of relationality with the existence of invariant physical quantities. The interpretation of time given by Rovelli in works such as The Order of Time and A Brief History of Time is also examined. The limitations of his ontological approach to time within loop quantum gravity are emphasized.
This work provides a complete mathematical refutation of Carlo Rovelli’s claim that a “Theory of Everything cannot exist.” Using the Universal Ψ Equation—a closed, parameter-free quartic variational functional—we show that all perspectival arguments concerning time, entropy, and the structure of physical law collapse when confronted with a single globally coherent extremum. The Ψ framework generates Lorentz invariance, Maxwell dynamics, gauge structure, coherent time evolution, and intrinsic entropy directly from the variational extremum, contradicting Rovelli’s thesis that such structures are observer-dependent. Each key assertion from Is Time’s Arrow Perspectival? is examined and shown to fail at the level of first principles. The existence of a universal variational functional is itself a constructive counterexample to Rovelli’s position. The result is a definitive demonstration that perspectival physics is mathematically obsolete within a closed variational framework.
In the previous chapters, we have made an imaginary travel in a ship which we might call “time” for analyzing how this concept is present in the physical theories which describe our world and the diverse interactions which make possible its existence as we perceive it under our notion of reality. We have traveled from the submicroscopic scale—requiring a quantum description— up to the cosmological dimensions where gravity acquires a crucial role distorting the space-time of the special relativity theory. In this chapter, we discuss some of the most recent publications related to physical theories about time, starting with the cellular automation interpretation of quantum mechanics (QM) formulated by Gerard’t Hooft, where information loss is considered as the cause of the time-reversal asymmetry. Then we continue with the thermal time hypothesis of Carlo Rovelli, who asserts that it is possible to formulate classical mechanics in a way in which the time variable is treated on equal footing as other physical variables, and not considered as a special and independent variable. Afterward, we analyze theories which propose quantization of time, and then continue with the discussion of proposed time operators for non-relativistic and relativistic QM. At the end of that section, we discuss theories related with time in quantum gravity and then we briefly explore in the physics of time travel.
This paper develops a consistent and self-contained formulation of external (physical) time as an emergent quantity, arising from the internal temporal evolution of correlational sites within the Universal Correlational Lattice (UCL) framework. Rather than assuming time as a fundamental background parameter, the theory distinguishes between: Internal times, defined locally at each correlational site through intrinsic dynamical evolution, and External time, which emerges relationally from the synchronization, ordering, and stability of correlations among multiple sites. The work formalizes how a coherent, observer-independent notion of temporal flow can arise without postulating a pre-existing global clock. External time is shown to correspond to a coarse-grained, effective parameter that captures persistent, ordered correlations across the correlational network, while remaining compatible with regimes where no global time is well-defined. Key results include: A precise definition of temporal evolution along internal time without reference to external time units. The emergence of a one-parameter effective temporal ordering from correlational dynamics. A clear separation between pre-geometric (timeless or multi-temporal) regimes and geometric regimes where an effective spacetime description becomes valid. Conceptual and mathematical consistency with relativistic causality, decoherence, and macroscopic temporal stability. This framework provides a natural resolution to longstanding tensions between quantum theory and general relativity regarding the status of time, without invoking collapse postulates or external observers. Time is not fundamental, but real and physical as an emergent, relational structure. The paper is intended for researchers interested in foundational questions of time, quantum gravity, emergent spacetime, and relational approaches to physics.
This essay establishes the foundational claim of the Time as Scalar framework: time is not a constituent of nature but a measuring instrument applied by finite observers. The universe operates through causal structure, geometry, and physical law without requiring a clock. What requires time is the observer—specifically memory-based comparison that allows events to be sequenced and rendered meaningful. The work formally separates three compatible layers: the ontological layer of causal structure (physics), the epistemological layer of temporal measurement (observer-based), and the phenomenological layer of lived temporal experience. Central to the argument is the time-independent Schrödinger equation, interpreted not as a special case but as the natural baseline of a clock-free universe. Time appears only when observers measure deviations from stationary geometry. Memory functions as the anchoring end of the temporal ruler, and forgetting is framed as necessary instrument maintenance. Randomness and surprise emerge as properties of the observer’s measurement gap rather than of nature itself. This document serves as a foundation for further formal development connecting Scope Theory, Hilbert space structure, and quantum measurement regularization.
In classical information theory (represented by Shannon's framework), the study of information transmission typically presupposes a fixed "channel" endowed with absolute attributes. This assumption implicitly holds that the properties of the channel are determinate and observer-independent, remaining unchanged regardless of perspective or the state of the channel itself. However, contemporary physics---particularly the development of quantum mechanics---fundamentally challenges the very notion of "absoluteness." As Carlo Rovelli has emphasized in one of his core arguments, quantum mechanics compels us to abandon the conception of states and properties as "absolute" and "observer-independent." The insistence on such absoluteness is precisely what underlies many of the paradoxes and interpretative difficulties that plague quantum theory. Rovelli extends this general philosophical critique of "absoluteness" consistently into the domain of information theory, thereby provoking a profound re-examination and critique of the classical presupposition of the "absolute channel." From this relational perspective, information should not be conceived as an abstract entity existing independently of physical relations, but rather as an observable measure of relative relations between systems. Accordingly, the reconstruction of classical information theory on the basis of relational ontology---namely, the reconstruction of information theory itself---is not only a demand of theoretical coherence but also a necessary step in responding to the challenge of quantum reality and in building a more universal theory of information.