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Journal of Computer Applications and Information Technology

Quantum Computing–Enabled Clinical Decision Support System using Electronic Health Records and Clinical Documentation

Senthil Kumar T, Srinivasan Rajavelu

Published Dec 30, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The rapid growth of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), along with the need for accurate, real-time clinical documentation, has pushed traditional computing methods to their operational limits. Conventional machine learning techniques often fall short when handling the heterogeneous, high-dimensional nature of healthcare data—especially in situations where clinical decisions must be made quickly and reliably. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces a Quantum Computing–Enabled Clinical Decision Support System (QC-CDSS), which integrates quantum machine learning (QML) with advanced deep learning models to improve diagnostic accuracy and predictive performance. The proposed framework utilizes quantum-driven feature extraction, hybrid variational quantum circuits, and quantum kernel-based classifiers to process both structured EHR records and unstructured clinical narratives. In parallel, sophisticated natural language processing methods, including transformer-based architectures, are employed to capture semantic, contextual, and temporal patterns from physician notes, discharge summaries, radiology interpretations, and related clinical text. The convergence of these techniques—particularly the integration of QML—presents promising opportunities for achieving more effective decision support and faster analysis of high-dimensional medical data. This paper discusses the core concepts, major applications, existing challenges, and future research pathways for incorporating quantum-enhanced machine learning into clinical decision-making systems, emphasizing their potential to address complex healthcare problems more efficiently.

DOI
10.32595/jcait/v1i4.2025.24

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The rapid growth of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), along with the need for accurate, real-time clinical documentation, has pushed traditional computing methods to their operational limits. Conventional machine learning techniques often fall short when handling the heterogeneous, high-dimensional nature of healthcare data—especially in situations where clinical decisions must be made quickly and reliably. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces a Quantum Computing–Enabled Clinical Decision Support System (QC-CDSS), which integrates quantum machine learning (QML) with advanced deep learning models to improve diagnostic accuracy and predictive performance. The proposed framework utilizes quantum-driven feature extraction, hybrid variational quantum circuits, and quantum kernel-based classifiers to process both structured EHR records and unstructured clinical narratives. In parallel, sophisticated natural language processing methods, including transformer-based architectures, are employed to capture semantic, contextual, and temporal patterns from physician notes, discharge summaries, radiology interpretations, and related clinical text. The convergence of these techniques—particularly the integration of QML—presents promising opportunities for achieving more effective decision support and faster analysis of high-dimensional medical data. This paper discusses the core concepts, major applications, existing challenges, and future research pathways for incorporating quantum-enhanced machine learning into clinical decision-making systems, emphasizing their potential to address complex healthcare problems more efficiently.
Medical decision-making is increasingly integrating quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML) to analyze complex datasets, improve diagnostics, and enable personalized treatments. While QC holds the potential to accelerate optimization, drug discovery, and genomic analysis as hardware capabilities advance, current implementations remain limited compared to classical computing in many practical applications. Meanwhile, ML has already demonstrated significant success in medical imaging, predictive modeling, and decision support. Their convergence, particularly through quantum machine learning (QML), presents opportunities for future advancements in processing high-dimensional healthcare data and improving clinical outcomes. This review examines the foundational concepts, key applications, and challenges of these technologies in healthcare, explores their potential synergy in solving clinical problems, and outlines future directions for quantum-enhanced ML in medical decision-making.
The growing digitalization of medical diagnostics has resulted in massive amounts of complicated data, including medical imaging and genomic sequences, clinical writing and real-time patient monitoring. Classical machine learning (CML) has achieved amazing success in evaluating such data. But its computational restrictions hinder scalability and efficiency when dealing with high-dimensional biomedical problems. Quantum machine learning (QML) combines the principles of quantum computing (QC) with advanced learning algorithms to offer a transformative paradigm for digital healthcare. This paper provides a systematic overview of QML foundations including quantum data encoding (QDC), variational quantum circuits (VQC), kernel methods, and hybrid quantum classical models. This paper also focuses on their applications in medical imaging, genomics, natural language processing (NLP) for electronic health records, drug discovery and healthcare security. We present comparative insights between classical and quantum approaches such as slow processing of high-dimensional data, limited scalability and inefficiency in complex optimization problems. This review also emphasizes the emerging directions towards quantum-based personalized digital healthcare approaches. By combining medical science with quantum QML has the potential to revolutionize the future of precision diagnostics, treatment optimization and healthcare data security. This study also provides a valuable resource for those interested in quantum computing and researchers who want to stay updated on the fast-growing area.
Quantum-Driven Predictive Healthcare represents a pioneering integration of quantum computing principles with advanced risk modeling and artificial intelligence to revolutionize medical decision support systems. This approach harnesses quantum algorithms to process vast, complex healthcare datasets, enabling rapid identification of subtle patterns and correlations that traditional computing systems may overlook. By incorporating quantum-enhanced risk modeling, clinicians can benefit from more precise predictions of disease progression and patient outcomes, ultimately facilitating early intervention and personalized treatment strategies. AI-powered decision support further refines these predictions by dynamically adapting to new data inputs, learning continuously from real-time clinical feedback. The synergy between quantum computing and AI not only accelerates data analysis but also improves diagnostic accuracy and resource allocation within healthcare institutions. Moreover, the methodology promotes a deeper understanding of multifactorial health conditions by integrating diverse datasets—from genomics to electronic health records—into a coherent analytical framework. This fusion of technologies is poised to overcome the limitations of conventional statistical models, offering a robust, scalable, and future-proof solution for predictive healthcare. As healthcare challenges become increasingly complex, embracing quantum-driven solutions will be instrumental in transforming medical risk assessment and decision-making processes. The research presented herein lays the groundwork for next-generation clinical tools that merge computational innovation with practical healthcare applications, promising enhanced patient outcomes and more efficient medical care delivery.
Purpose This study investigates the integration of quantum-enhanced machine learning (QML) into medical image analysis, focusing on classification and feature extraction tasks. It aims to evaluate whether hybrid quantum-classical models can overcome the limitations of traditional machine learning in handling high-dimensional, clinically relevant imaging data. Design/methodology/approach Hybrid architectures combining classical preprocessing with quantum components, specifically variational quantum circuits (VQCs) and quantum kernel methods, were developed and implemented in simulated quantum environments using Qiskit and PennyLane on Google Colab. Publicly available datasets (ChestX-ray14, Brain Tumor MRI and CT Hemorrhage) were preprocessed and encoded into quantum states. Model performance was evaluated against classical baselines (MLP and CNN) using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, convergence speed and trainable parameters. Findings Quantum-enhanced models achieved competitive or superior performance compared to classical models with significantly fewer trainable parameters and faster convergence. The Quantum Kernel SVM demonstrated the highest precision (89.1%) and F1-score (88.5%) using only 8 parameters, while VQC models converged up to 2× faster than classical baselines. These results highlight the potential of QML to improve efficiency, robustness and scalability in diagnostic imaging workflows, particularly in resource-constrained or data-limited settings. Research limitations/implications The study relies on simulated quantum environments, which do not capture hardware noise or qubit limitations. Future work will extend to real quantum devices, multimodal data integration and interpretability strategies. Practical implications Quantum kernel methods and lightweight VQC architectures enable faster, resource-efficient diagnostic modeling, making them suitable for clinical environments with limited computational capacity or time-sensitive decision-making needs. Social implications Improving the efficiency and accessibility of medical image analysis has the potential to support faster diagnosis and enhance healthcare delivery, particularly in underserved or resource-limited regions. Originality/value This study provides a practical evaluation of hybrid quantum-classical models applied to multiple real medical imaging datasets in a reproducible simulated environment. It offers an early-stage framework demonstrating how QML techniques can be integrated into existing machine learning pipelines for medical image analysis.
Quantum Machine Learning (QML) is fast becoming a powerful instrument in medical diagnostics because it can process high-dimensional data and small samples efficiently. This paper is a detailed analysis of QML models used for disease prediction, with a relative comparison of Variational Quantum Classifiers (VQC), Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks (QCNN), and Quantum Support Vector Machines (QSVM) in clinical environments. We suggest a new multimodal quantumclassical hybrid approach that analyzes electronic health records (EHR), medical imaging, and biosignal data by means of dedicated QML pipelines with late fusion for ultimate decisionmaking. Recent IEEE literature is integrated in experimental performance glimpses to demonstrate the merits, difficulties, and viability of QML in real-world healthcare applications. The envisioned architecture provides the foundation for future applications of quantum-enhanced diagnostics with existing quantum simulators as well as emerging hardware.
The healthcare systems produce a tremendous volume of medical data which may be in the form of patient records, laboratory test results and diagnostic reports. It is quite necessary to analyze such data accurately and efficiently in order to detect diseases early and plan appropriate treatment . Conventional machine learning methods have a tendency to struggling with large-dimensional and complicated medical data. To address these shortcomings, this project suggests a hybrid Quantum Machine Learning (QML) scheme of analyzing medical data and diagnosing a disease. The suggested system combines the classical data preprocessing with the quantum-enhanced data learning algorithms including Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) and Quantum Support Vector Machines (QSVM). Medical data is first processed by cleaning, normalizing and encoding to quantum states. Complex patterns and correlations that traditional algorithms can hardly be able to learn are then learned with the quantum model. The measures used to judge the performance are accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. The results of the experimental process show that the model based on QML yields better diagnostic accuracy than the conventional machine learning. This is where there is great potential in real time medical decision support systems, with the future prediction of disease and the personalized solution of care. The suggested framework indicates the potential and benefits of switching to quantum computing methods in healthcare analytics.