Quantum key distribution provides an effective means for achieving information-theoretically secure communication. Recently, Fu et al. proposed a quantum public key cryptography based on Bell states. However, this protocol cannot guarantee the integrity of information when facing tampering attacks. In this study, we first analyze the security vulnerabilities of the protocol, and then introduces the ideas of decoy states and hash functions to propose an improved quantum public key cryptography protocol. In addition, the use of unordered methods further ensures the security of information. After security analysis, it was found that this protocol can resist tampering attacks and has eavesdropping detection, which has higher security compared to existing protocols.
Quantum key distribution provides an effective means for achieving information-theoretically secure communication. Recently, Fu et al. proposed a quantum public key cryptography based on Bell states. However, this protocol cannot guarantee the integrity of information when facing tampering attacks. In this study, we first analyze the security vulnerabilities of the protocol, and then introduces the ideas of decoy states and hash functions to propose an improved quantum public key cryptography protocol. In addition, the use of unordered methods further ensures the security of information. After security analysis, it was found that this protocol can resist tampering attacks and has eavesdropping detection, which has higher security compared to existing protocols.
The potential of quantum computing to compromise traditional public-key cryptography (PKC) has led to a pressing need for more efficient and resilient cryptographic methods. Recent advancements, such as the 800x improvement in the logical error rate by Microsoft and QUANTINUUM, underscore the urgency of this issue. Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) offers a promising solution designed to withstand quantum attacks. This paper examines how PQC and other advanced cryptographic techniques can enhance the security and efficiency of PKC in the quantum era. Current PKC methods, despite revolutionizing secure online communication, are vulnerable to flaws in their underlying algorithms. The proposed hybrid model integrates PQC with traditional PKC, leveraging both technologies' strengths to mitigate quantum threats while preserving established security benefits. The investigation addresses critical research questions: how to enhance PKC key management for better efficiency and security, and which PQC techniques can protect PKC from quantum attacks. This paper's contribution includes identifying vulnerabilities in existing PKC, comparing RSA and post-quantum algorithms, and implementing a PQC algorithm between a client and server to analyze integration with existing protocols. Finally, the paper recommends security mechanisms to improve PQC protocols, ensuring robust protection against emerging quantum computing capabilities.
This paper proposes a novel secure communication protocol based on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). The core claim is to design a protocol capable of completely secure key transmission, resisting eavesdropping and manipulation, thereby guaranteeing communication security. The protocol leverages quantum entanglement to facilitate quantum key transmission and employs cryptographic algorithms for key encryption and decryption. Traditional secure communication protocols relying on classical key exchange are vulnerable to attacks. QKD offers a significantly higher level of security. This document details the protocol's architecture, mathematical formulation of the key exchange process, and the security analysis underpinning its design. The focus is on demonstrating a robust system against known classical and quantum attacks, providing a foundation for future secure communication networks. The system is designed for a two-party communication scenario, aiming for maximal security with reasonable complexity.
Abstract Asymmetric encryption has some important applications in the field of communication. In classical computers, most public key encryption schemes are designed based on computational assumption. In other words, they can ensure computational security. When the computing power is large enough, it will pose a threat to these encryption schemes. We propose a quantum public key encryption scheme which based on properties of quantum physics. Our scheme realizes encryption and decryption with few resources and does not rely on any computational assumption. The key in our scheme consists of classical bits and qubits. Where the private key are classical bit and public key are qubits. The public key are generated through private key. We analyze the performance and security of the scheme. Our scheme ensures the information-theoretic secure and can be implemented easily.
Abstract-Surveillance systems have become indispensable across homes, institutions, industries, and public spaces, providing continuous monitoring and ensuring safety. However, as digital threats advance, conventional encryption techniques used in video surveillance are increasingly vulnerable to interception, tampering, and future quantum-based attacks. This paper presents a Smart and Secure Video Surveillance System that integrates deep-learning-based face detection with quantum cryptographic key distribution to safeguard sensitive video data. A YOLOv3-based DCNN model is utilized to detect human faces in each frame. Detected facial regions are then scrambled using a block-based transformation technique to prevent unauthorized recognition. To ensure uncompromised security, encryption keys are generated using a simulated BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol, offering resistance against eavesdropping and guaranteeing key integrity. The encrypted video is transmitted securely to the monitoring unit, where decryption occurs only with quantum-authenticated keys. Experimental results demonstrate strong privacy protection, robust resistance to key interception, and reliable face detection performance, highlighting the system’s effectiveness in building next-generation, quantum-secure surveillance frameworks. Key Words: Video Surveillance, Quantum Cryptography, QKD, YOLOv3, Face Detection, Secure Transmission, Block Scrambling.
A verifiable quantum secret sharing protocol using quantum walks on a lattice is proposed in this paper. The protocol utilizes generalized Bell states as the initial quantum resource, integrating the quantum walk evolution operator U with the global shift operator Gab to facilitate joint encrypted transmission among multiple participants. A bidirectional identity authentication mechanism based on hash functions is introduced to ensure the legitimacy of all communication parties, which effectively resists impersonation attacks. Random decoy particles are randomly prepared in either the Zd or Xd basis and inserted into the transmission sequence, enabling real-time eavesdropping detection on the quantum channel. In the secret reconstruction phase, a public verification mechanism is designed to allow participants to verify the correctness of the recovered secret and identify internal dishonest behaviors. Security analysis demonstrates that the protocol achieves information-theoretic security, resisting typical external attacks such as intercept-resend, measure-resend, and entangle-measure attacks, as well as collusion attacks from dishonest internal participants. Compared with existing quantum-walk-based secret sharing schemes, the proposed protocol maintains high qubit efficiency while supporting both identity authentication and public verifiability, thus possessing stronger practicality and security.
Public-key cryptosystems for quantum messages are considered from two aspects: public-key encryption and public-key authentication. Firstly, we propose a general construction of quantum public-key encryption scheme, and then construct an information-theoretic secure instance. Then, we propose a quantum public-key authentication scheme, which can protect the integrity of quantum messages. This scheme can both encrypt and authenticate quantum messages. It is information-theoretic secure with regard to encryption, and the success probability of tampering decreases exponentially with the security parameter with regard to authentication. Compared with classical public-key cryptosystems, one private-key in our schemes corresponds to an exponential number of public-keys, and every quantum public-key used by the sender is an unknown quantum state to the sender.