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Silicon Integrated Quantum Photonics

Ding Y, Bacco D., Rottwitt K., Mark G. Thompson, Wang J., Leif Katsuo Oxenløwe

Published Jan 1, 2019• 0 citations
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Abstract

Quantum photonics opens a new era of technology revolution deeply embedded in quantum mechanism. Silicon integrated quantum photonics is of particular interest able to integrate mass of quantum photonic components on a single silicon chip. Here we present our recent work on silicon photonics for advanced quantum applications, including high-dimensional quantum quantum key distribution, high-dimensional quantum entanglement, and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of two independent lasers on silicon for quantum communication.

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Quantum photonics opens a new era of technology revolution deeply embedded in quantum mechanism. Silicon integrated quantum photonics is of particular interest able to integrate mass of quantum photonic components on a single silicon chip. Here we present our recent work on silicon photonics for advanced quantum applications, including high-dimensional quantum quantum key distribution, high-dimensional quantum entanglement, and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of two independent lasers on silicon for quantum communication.
Silicon quantum photonics, capable to integrate large numbers of optical components with CMOS-compatible fabrication technology and reliable control of quantum states, is expected to play a critical role in future quantum communication. In this talk, we will introduce our recent results of silicon photonics for quantum communication, including high-dimensional silicon chip-to-chip quantum key distribution, chip-to-chip quantum teleportation, on-chip generation of high-dimensional quantum entanglement, and Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between two different III-V/silicon hybrid lasers towards future measurement device independent quantum communication.
Quantum technology is poised to enable a step change in human capability for computing, communications and sensing. Photons are indispensable as carriers of quantum information-they travel at the fastest possible speed and readily protected from decoherence. However, the system requires thousands of near-transparent components with ultra-low-latency control. To be implemented, a new paradigm photonic system is required: one with in-built coherence, stability, the ability to define arbitrary circuits, and a path to manufacturability. Silicon photonics has unparalleled density and component performance, which, with CMOS compatible fabrication, place it in a strong position for a scalable quantum photonics platform. This paper is a progress report on silicon quantum photonics, focused on developments in the past five years. We provide an introduction on silicon quantum photonic component and the challenges in the field, summarise the current state-of-the-art and identify outstanding technical challenges, as well as promising avenues of future research. We also resolve a conflict in the definition of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference visibility in integrated quantum photonic experiments, needed for fair comparison of photon quality across different platforms. Our aim is the development of scalability on the platform, to which end we point the way to ever-closer integration, toward silicon quantum photonic systems-on-a-chip.
Silicon photonics is rapidly evolving as an advanced chip framework for implementing quantum technologies. With the help of silicon photonics, general-purpose programmable networks with hundreds of discrete components have been developed. These networks can compute quantum states generated on-chip as well as more extraordinary functions like quantum transmission and random number generation. In particular, the interfacing of silicon photonics with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectronics enables us to build miniaturized quantum devices for next-generation sensing, communication, and generating randomness for assembling quantum computers. In this review, we assess the significance of silicon photonics and its interfacing with microelectronics for achieving the technology milestones in the next generation of quantum computers and quantum communication. To this end, especially, we have provided an overview of the mechanism of a homodyne detector and the latest state-of-the-art of measuring squeezed light along with its integration on a photonic chip. Finally, we present an outlook on future studies that are considered beneficial for the wide implementation of silicon photonics for distinct data-driven applications with maximum throughput.
Silicon quantum photonics is a promising platform for the development of advanced quantum information technologies, offering a high level of stability, controllability, scalability and integration density. Silicon quantum photonics has enabled a range of key demonstrations including the development of a versatile toolbox for controlling single-photon’s different degrees of freedom, the generation of multipartite entanglement and high-dimensional entanglement, and realization of large-scale programmable quantum devices. The progress has unlocked the unprecedented power of chip-scale quantum photonic technologies for advanced applications in quantum communication, computing and simulation.
Quantum entanglement and teleportation are the key resources building the backbone of quantum technologies, such quantum communications, quantum networks, and quantum computations. The quantum communication networks are based on long-range distribution of entangled photons and teleportation of photon qubit states. The resource efficient measurement-based quantum computing models relies on cluster entangled states and the teleportation of logical operations between qubit sites. Silicon photonics provides a versatile platform for quantum information processing on chip, thanks to the CMOS-compatible fabrication process, ability to integrate thousands of components, and precise manipulation of quantum states on a single chip. Here we show our recent work on quantum entanglement and quantum teleportation technology based our advanced silicon photonics platform, a significant step towards future quantum network and optical quantum computing.