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Physics Letters A

Unipolar half-cycle light emission from strong-field driven atoms

Rostislav M. Arkhipov, Mikhail V. Arkhipov, Nikolay N. Rosanov

Published Jan 24, 2026• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2026.131398

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We investigate the physical mechanism of unipolar half-cycle pulses generation in resonant two-level media with inversion symmetry. The unipolar half-cycle pulse contains substantial nonzero dc or zero-frequency component in its Fourier spectrum of the electric field. Here the origin of zero-frequency component generation in inversion symmetric media driven by symmetric electric field is identified. We show that in the regime of extreme nonlinear optics, i.e. the Rabi frequency is comparable to or even larger than the carrier frequency of the laser pulse, the time evolution of the polarization can display obvious up-down asymmetric structure under certain conditions, which manifests in the zero-frequency component generation, and is responsible for the formation of unipolar half-cycle pulses in the course of pulse propagation.
In this paper, ultrashort, unipolar electric-field (terahertz) pulses have been used to coherently control population transfer between Rydberg states in lithium atom. Our numerical results show that populations of lithium atoms can be driven to lower or higher n levels with a train of half-cycle pulses, and the the transition rate is sensitive to the static-electric-field strength, the main laser frequency, the optical pulse profile, and the chirp of the laser pulse. If the paramerters of the half-cycle pulses is optimized appropriately, the population can be transferred to the target state completely.