This paper tests a specific, falsifiable hypothesis: under standard quantum mechanics, measurement order on sender qubits cannot produce statistically distinguishable distributions on receiver qubit measurements. Any decoder operating solely on receiver statistics should achieve only chance accuracy (50%). To test this, we designed and executed experiments on real quantum hardware (IQM Garnet and Rigetti Ankaa-3 via AWS Braket). Using 8-qubit W+GHZ entangled structures, we encoded binary information by varying collapse order on sender qubits and decoded by measuring receiver qubit statistics. Results contradict the null hypothesis: 100% classification accuracy (10/10 bits correctly decoded) 23σ statistical significance (χ² = 548.45, p = 2.74×10⁻¹²¹) Cross-platform replication on Rigetti Ankaa-3 (5σ) Control experiments without entanglement: 50% accuracy (random chance) Witness qubits rule out electromagnetic crosstalk The protocol parameters (topology, collapse-order mapping, decision threshold) were pre-specified in July 2025—six months before hardware validation—eliminating post-hoc tuning concerns. Supplementary materials S1 and S2 document this timeline with SHA-256 hashes. These results demonstrate that collapse-order information can be encoded and decoded within entangled quantum systems, implementing a semantic communication protocol that requires entanglement and cannot be explained by standard quantum mechanics combined with calibrated device noise. Archive includes: complete manuscript, Jupyter notebook with experiment code, raw JSON results from AWS Braket tasks, prior protocol documentation (S1), and hardware-calibrated simulation suite (S2).
This paper tests a specific, falsifiable hypothesis: under standard quantum mechanics, measurement order on sender qubits cannot produce statistically distinguishable distributions on receiver qubit measurements. Any decoder operating solely on receiver statistics should achieve only chance accuracy (50%). To test this, we designed and executed experiments on real quantum hardware (IQM Garnet and Rigetti Ankaa-3 via AWS Braket). Using 8-qubit W+GHZ entangled structures, we encoded binary information by varying collapse order on sender qubits and decoded by measuring receiver qubit statistics. Results contradict the null hypothesis: 100% classification accuracy (10/10 bits correctly decoded) 23σ statistical significance (χ² = 548.45, p = 2.74×10⁻¹²¹) Cross-platform replication on Rigetti Ankaa-3 (5σ) Control experiments without entanglement: 50% accuracy (random chance) Witness qubits rule out electromagnetic crosstalk The protocol parameters (topology, collapse-order mapping, decision threshold) were pre-specified in July 2025—six months before hardware validation—eliminating post-hoc tuning concerns. Supplementary materials S1 and S2 document this timeline with SHA-256 hashes. These results demonstrate that collapse-order information can be encoded and decoded within entangled quantum systems, implementing a semantic communication protocol that requires entanglement and cannot be explained by standard quantum mechanics combined with calibrated device noise. Archive includes: complete manuscript, Jupyter notebook with experiment code, raw JSON results from AWS Braket tasks, prior protocol documentation (S1), and hardware-calibrated simulation suite (S2).
A purely epistemic interpretation of wavefunction collapse predicts that hardware measurement statistics remain bounded by ideal quantum evolution and calibrated device noise models. We test this prediction using a three-reference validation framework comparing hardware measurements against both ideal unitary evolution and noise-modeled simulations across six quantum computing platforms. In multiple experimental topologies, hardware results consistently fall outside both reference bounds by statistically significant margins and exhibit reproducible, topology-dependent deviation patterns. These deviations appear both at qubits in the collapsed branch and nonlocally across the entangled partner branch that received no collapse operation, with correlated topology-dependent deviation patterns indicating propagation through the W-state entanglement structure. The observed behavior is inconsistent with purely epistemic collapse models and suggests the presence of additional physical dynamics not captured by standard descriptions of measurement.
Eight verified quantum computing jobs executed on IBM Quantum hardware (ibm_fez Heron R2, 156 qubits; ibm_torino Heron R1, 133 qubits) between January 27 and March 15, 2026. User ID: IBMid-692001DJRD. Experiments include: 1. Bell State Entanglement — 96.3% fidelity on ibm_fez Heron R2 (Concurrence C = 0.926, Tangle T = 0.858, 1,000 shots). Cross-platform benchmark: Heron R2 vs Heron R1 (+8.3 pp fidelity advantage, noise ratio 2.43×). 2. Reproducibility Test — Two independent runs of identical circuit (χ² = 2.70, p = 0.44, df = 3). H₀ not rejected: statistically indistinguishable results at 95% confidence. 3. BB84 Quantum Key Distribution — Full Alice/Eve/Bob protocol implementation. Alice baseline error 0.60% → Bob QBER 49.0% under eavesdropping (82× degradation). Experimental demonstration of the quantum no-cloning theorem. Control group design isolates eavesdropper signal from hardware noise baseline. 4. Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC) — 2-qubit circuit, 10 trained parameters with tied weights (θ₃ = θ₄), 8 CZ gates in 4 entangling layers. 4-qubit ansatz: Shannon entropy 3.885/4.000 bits (97.1%), ground-state bias confirmed (χ² = 300.94, p ≈ 0). 5. Quantum Random Number Generation (QRNG) — 8-bit outputs, 10/10 unique values per shot (range 16–254). Total: 39,010 quantum measurements across 8 jobs and 10 circuits. QPU time: 4.8 seconds. Job completion rate: 100%. All results decoded from raw IBM SamplerV2 BitArray binary archives (zlib + base64 + NumPy .npy pipeline). No simulations. Statistical validation applied throughout (Wilson 95% CIs, chi-squared tests). Stack: Qiskit Runtime SamplerV2 · QPY · OpenQASM 2.0 · Python · NumPy · SciPy Repository: https://github.com/dinohatibovicWhitepaper: https://dinohatibovic.github.io (Doc QAI-WP-2026-01-28-V4)
This document proposes a novel experimental protocol to test whether quantum information can manifest at a receiver without any classical signal, using weak measurement, post-selection, and pre-shared quantum entanglement. After systematic computational search over 6.4 billion parameter combinations, weak measurement combined with post-selection and complete isolation from classical communication was identified as the sole surviving candidate not excluded by known physics. The accompanying Jupyter notebook contains all source code and raw computational results. A positive experimental result would constitute the first empirical challenge to the no-communication theorem; a negative result closes this specific theoretical gap.
We settle the long-standing open question of whether parameterized quantum circuits can learn high-dimensional semantic relationships on NISQ hardware and whether quantum phenomena provide measurable advantages. Using IBM's 156-qubit Eagle processor ibm_fez, we show that previous limitations of quantum natural language processing were not fundamental but originated from poor encoding design. All headline results below are obtained on real hardware (no error mitigation, free-tier access, November 2025). Key hardware-validated findings: • Encoding hierarchy: 132× performance gap between faithful Direct Angle Encoding (r = 0.989) and destructive Difference Encoding (r = 0.007) • Genuine quantum learning: +1.61 training effect on hardware, transforming actively anti-correlated random unitaries (r = −0.92) into semantically meaningful manifolds (r = +0.69) with only 21 parameters • Entanglement is required: entangled circuits achieve r = +0.69 while product-state ablation collapses to constant output (r = −0.11), yielding +0.81 entanglement advantage on real hardware • Hardware outperforms simulation: +18% correlation improvement versus noiseless simulator • First empirical scaling law for quantum semantic learning: increasing training data from 12 → 40 pairs improves generalization 4.25× (r = 0.08 → 0.34), projecting parity with classical cosine baseline (r ≈ 0.86) at ~100 training examples We establish three architectural prerequisites for quantum semantic learning on NISQ devices: (1) Sparse Encoding, (2) Ancilla-Based Measurement, and (3) Non-Aliased Angle Scaling [0.1, π−0.1]. This record contains: • Complete manuscript (PDF) • All source code (Qiskit 2.2.3) • Trained parameters (best_theta) • Raw IBM Quantum hardware results (JSON) • Publication-ready figures • 83-pair test set and interactive visualizations All experiments are fully reproducible with an IBM Quantum free-tier account. Related software: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17728126
Version 4.0: Definitive experimental validation of structural coherence protection (N2) in GHZ entangled states across five quantum computing platforms. KEY RESULTS:- IonQ Forte: +7.27% GHZ advantage over product states (p = 7.17×10⁻²⁷, Cohen's d = 6.11)- IBM Heron: 2.4–13.8× slower decay for GHZ vs product states- Rigetti Ankaa-3, IQM Garnet, IQM Emerald: No N2 detected (negative controls) MAIN FINDINGS:1. N2 is real and statistically incontrovertible (p << 5σ particle physics standard)2. N2 is cross-platform: confirmed on superconducting (IBM) and trapped-ion (IonQ) technologies3. N2 requires high-fidelity hardware: >99.5% 2Q gate fidelity threshold4. N2 is GHZ-specific: W-states and Cluster states show no protection5. Negative results on Rigetti/IQM provide mechanistic insight into fidelity thresholds PLATFORMS TESTED:- IBM Heron (ibm_torino, ibm_fez, ibm_boston)- IonQ Forte 1 (trapped ions, 36 qubits)- Rigetti Ankaa-3 (84 qubits)- IQM Garnet (20 qubits)- IQM Emerald (5 qubits) Total experimental investment: ~$3,700 USD This version incorporates Panel Cerezo methodology recommendations and extends v3.1 (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18291164) with definitive statistical analysis meeting all rigor criteria. Experiment dates: January 15-19, 2026
This document formulates a pre-registered falsification programme for entanglement and wavefunction-collapse phenomenology in open quantum systems. The framework adopts a register-oriented convention: an entangled AB preparation is represented as a single non-factorisable boundary-informational unit, while A and B denote locally addressable access components used in the operational workspace for control, marginalisation, tomography, and state-level entanglement readout. Measurement is described as apparatus-channel activation of an addressed logical sector. This convention fixes the interpretation of the symbols, but the tests are stated entirely in terms of operational diagnostics. The core programme compares reconstructed open-system descriptions through irreversible entropy production, entropy flux, Landauer-deficit variables, dissipator-level synchronisation, non-Markovian memory response, entanglement-sudden-death threshold timing, and Sagawa–Ueda feedback-information saturation. Five pre-registered predictions are stated. P-EC1 tests the collective-versus-local Landauer-deficit ordering in a bright-sector Dicke benchmark. P-EC2 tests the finite-rate approach of an apparatus-channel deficit toward the readout-completed asymptote under continuous diffusive monitoring, formulated on a stationary-window ensemble estimator. P-EC3 tests the spectral dependence of the non-Markovian Landauer-deficit excess. P-EC4 compares the first concurrence zero-crossing (entanglement-sudden-death threshold) with thermodynamic relaxation timing. P-EC5 tests Sagawa–Ueda bound-saturation and saturation-curve behaviour under feedback information, including an operational proxy mapping for the Yada et al. iterative-feedback anchor. Each prediction is assigned a status in a decision tree with positive controls, quantitative windows, consistency bands, platform anchors, and explicit fail conditions. The programme distinguishes worked-case consistency checks from independent-platform primary falsification tests, and separates core falsification claims from near-future or conditional routes. A boundary-clock extension is also recorded as a non-conservative layer with its own handles; its near-dark chart-inversion observable, tracked by the bounded marker η_chart(t) and the integrated observable 𝐼ₖ₅, is reported as a conditional outlook, not as a core prediction. The document therefore does not claim to derive the Born rule, prove an ontology of collapse, or modify standard quantum mechanics. It asks whether a specific boundary-persistence architecture survives a set of pre-registered operational tests.