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Propriedades da luz emitida por um oscilador paramétrico ótico em chip de silício

Carlos Andrés Gonzalez Arciniegas

Published Sep 22, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) has been one of the most versatile source of non-classical states of light. Usual configurations of such devices are a macroscopic second order nonlinear crystals inside an optical cavity. Recently the use of silicon photonics techniques allowed the implementation of high quality factor microcavities and OPOs which include several technological advantages over usual configuration as a small size, bigger bandwidth, CMOS compatibility, facility to engineer the dispersion properties and compatibility with commercial optical fiber communications. Nevertheless the nonlinearity present within these systems is a third order nonlinearity for which theoretical calculations lack in the literature. Here we describe theoretically the quantum properties of the light generated in an OPO with a third order nonlinearity. We showed that the effects of phase modulation (which are not present in the second order nonlinearity) and dispersion are determinant in the way that oscillation and entanglement is produced in the system. Despite of these effects, bipartite and tripartite entanglement is predicted with the use of the Schmidt modes formalism. We also describe the system when there are more modes exited within the cavity and a frequency comb is formed. In such a situation, using again the Schmidt modes formalism, multipartite entanglement was predicted as well.

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The Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) has been one of the most versatile source of non-classical states of light.Usual configurations of such devices are a macroscopic second order nonlinear crystals inside an optical cavity.Recently the use of silicon photonics techniques allowed the implementation of high quality factor microcavities and OPOs which include several technological advantages over usual configuration as a small size, bigger bandwidth, CMOS compatibility, facility to engineer the dispersion properties and compatibility with commercial optical fiber communications.Nevertheless Contents vii 4.3.2.2 Three Modes Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.3.2.

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M. Martinelli

Apresentamos neste trabalho o projeto e a construção de um Oscilador Paramétrico Ótico (OPO), demonstrando o caráter quântico da correlação de intensidade dos feixes sinal e complementar nele produzidos a partir de um feixe de bombeio de 532 nm. Estudamos ainda a compressão quântica de ruído no feixe de bombeio refletido por uma cavidade de OPO, obtendo 38 % de redução (abaixo do limite quântico) no ruído de quadratura de um feixe de 1064 nm produzido por um laser de Nd:YAG. Por fim, observamos a formação de estruturas nos feixes de saída para cavidades com modos transversos degenerados (confocal e concêntrica) e demonstramos pela primeira vez o caráter multimodo transverso das correlações quânticas em um OPO com cavidade confocal.

•Feb 26, 2002•0 citations
The Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) has been one of the most versatile source of non-classical states of light. Usual configurations of such devices are a macroscopic second order nonlinear crystals inside an optical cavity. Recently the use of silicon photonics techniques allowed the implementation of high quality factor microcavities and OPOs which include several technological advantages over usual configuration as a small size, bigger bandwidth, CMOS compatibility, facility to engineer the dispersion properties and compatibility with commercial optical fiber communications. Nevertheless the nonlinearity present within these systems is a third order nonlinearity for which theoretical calculations lack in the literature. Here we describe theoretically the quantum properties of the light generated in an OPO with a third order nonlinearity. We showed that the effects of phase modulation (which are not present in the second order nonlinearity) and dispersion are determinant in the way that oscillation and entanglement is produced in the system. Despite of these effects, bipartite and tripartite entanglement is predicted with the use of the Schmidt modes formalism. We also describe the system when there are more modes exited within the cavity and a frequency comb is formed. In such a situation, using again the Schmidt modes formalism, multipartite entanglement was predicted as well.
The Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) has been one of the most versatile source of non-classical states of light.Usual configurations of such devices are a macroscopic second order nonlinear crystals inside an optical cavity.Recently the use of silicon photonics techniques allowed the implementation of high quality factor microcavities and OPOs which include several technological advantages over usual configuration as a small size, bigger bandwidth, CMOS compatibility, facility to engineer the dispersion properties and compatibility with commercial optical fiber communications.Nevertheless Contents vii 4.3.2.2 Three Modes Correlations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4.3.2.
The increasing development of novel quantum technologies encourages the research in nonclassical states sources, being quantum correlated light one of the main resources for several applications of quantum mechanics. Silicon based integrated systems present huge potential for the further development of optical quantum communication, as they are compatible with microelectronic devices and telecommunication band wavelengths. The current capability of low loss waveguides production plus strong nonlinear coefficients makes this platform ideal for the generation of nonclassical states. Integrated microcavities can be tailored to act as low threshold optical parametric oscillators, where intense signal and idler modes are easily excited. Due to the parametric character of the physical process responsible for these oscillations, strong correlations are expected between the generated modes. We use resonator assisted detection systems to reconstruct the covariance matrices of the generated continuous variables states in order to retrieve the full quantum description of the system. Up to our knowledge, this is the first full tomography of states generated in an integrated third order optical parametric oscillator operating above threshold.
Quantum states with non-Gaussian statistics generated by optical parametric oscillators (OPO) with fluctuating parameters are studied by means of the kurtosis excess of the external field quadratures. The field generated is viewed as the response of a nonlinear device to the fluctuations of pump laser amplitude and frequency, crystal temperature, and cavity detuning, in addition to quantum noise sources. The kurtosis excess has been evaluated perturbatively up to the third order in the strength of the crystal nonlinear coupling factor and the second order in the classical fluctuating parameters. Applied to the device described in Opt. Expr. 13, 948 (2005), the model has given values of the kurtosis excess in good agreement with the measured ones.
Multimode nonclassical states of light are an essential resource in quantum computation with continuous variables [1]. They can be generated either by mixing different squeezed light sources using linear optical operations [2], or directly in a multimode optical device [3, 4]. Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillators (SPOPO) — which correspond to an OPO pumped by a train of ultrashort pulses that are synchronized with the cavity round-trip time — have been theoretically shown to be promising devices for the generation of multimode nonclassical frequency combs, since a SPOPO is a sole optical cavity acting as an assembly of independent squeezers in a particular basis called the supermodes basis [5]. The supermodes are optical frequency combs with specific spectrum and phase profiles that are determined by the length of the intracavity nonlinear crystal and the pulse shape of the pump.
Apresentamos neste trabalho o projeto e a construção de um Oscilador Paramétrico Ótico (OPO), demonstrando o caráter quântico da correlação de intensidade dos feixes sinal e complementar nele produzidos a partir de um feixe de bombeio de 532 nm. Estudamos ainda a compressão quântica de ruído no feixe de bombeio refletido por uma cavidade de OPO, obtendo 38 % de redução (abaixo do limite quântico) no ruído de quadratura de um feixe de 1064 nm produzido por um laser de Nd:YAG. Por fim, observamos a formação de estruturas nos feixes de saída para cavidades com modos transversos degenerados (confocal e concêntrica) e demonstramos pela primeira vez o caráter multimodo transverso das correlações quânticas em um OPO com cavidade confocal.