This paper establishes a comprehensive statistical framework for analyzing quantum teleportation protocols under realistic noisy conditions. We develop novel mathematical tools to characterize the complete statistical distribution of teleportation fidelity, including both mean and variance, for systems experiencing decoherence and channel imperfections. Our analysis demonstrates that the teleportation fidelity follows a characteristic distribution F∼P(Favg,ΔF2) where the variance ΔF2 depends crucially on entanglement quality and channel noise. We derive the optimal resource allocation condition ∂Eent/∂F/∂Cclassical/∂F=β/α that minimizes total resource consumption while achieving target fidelity. Furthermore, we introduce a Bayesian adaptive protocol that enhances robustness against noise through real-time statistical estimation. The theoretical framework is validated through numerical simulations and provides practical guidance for experimental implementations in quantum communication networks.
This paper establishes a comprehensive statistical framework for analyzing quantum teleportation protocols under realistic noisy conditions. We develop novel mathematical tools to characterize the complete statistical distribution of teleportation fidelity, including both mean and variance, for systems experiencing decoherence and channel imperfections. Our analysis demonstrates that the teleportation fidelity follows a characteristic distribution F∼P(Favg,ΔF2) where the variance ΔF2 depends crucially on entanglement quality and channel noise. We derive the optimal resource allocation condition ∂Eent/∂F/∂Cclassical/∂F=β/α that minimizes total resource consumption while achieving target fidelity. Furthermore, we introduce a Bayesian adaptive protocol that enhances robustness against noise through real-time statistical estimation. The theoretical framework is validated through numerical simulations and provides practical guidance for experimental implementations in quantum communication networks.
In this work, we introduce a comprehensive statistical framework for assessing single-qubit quantum teleportation performance beyond the conventional average-fidelity benchmark. At first, we derive a closed-form expression for the full probability density function of actual teleportation fidelities and apply it to both classical measure-and-prepare schemes and standard quantum teleportation, considering two relevant noise models: Bell-diagonal resource states and local amplitude-damping channels. These results reveal that protocols with identical average fidelities can exhibit markedly different statistical behaviors, and that relying solely on average fidelity can mask inherent asymmetries introduced by local noise, potentially leading to spurious conclusions of symmetry. Secondly, we introduce a certification method based on prior importance functions (e.g., Beta distributions), which unifies moment-based criteria and threshold-based success probabilities into a single figure of merit. Applying this framework, we show that certifying high-fidelity teleportation requires increasingly stronger entanglement or non-locality, and we clarify that the so-called ``fighting noise with noise'' effect arises from the chosen prior importance function rather than representing a genuine advantage. Our approach thus provides versatile tools for tailored, application-specific teleportation benchmarks.
Quantum teleportation, a fundamental protocol in quantum information science, enables the transfer of quantum states through entangled particle pairs and classical communication channels. While ideal quantum teleportation requires maximally entangled states as resources, real-world implementations inevitably face environmental noise and decoherence effects. In this work, we investigate quantum teleportation in nonequilibrium environments with different temperatures or chemical potentials. We employ the Bloch-Redfield equation to characterize the nonequilibrium dynamics in both bosonic and fermionic reservoirs. Our analysis reveals that nonequilibrium conditions, namely, the temperature difference and chemical potential difference, can significantly enhance the teleportation fidelity beyond what is achievable in equilibrium scenarios. Notably, under certain nonequilibrium conditions, the fidelities for all input states converge to the same value. We term this behavior the teleportation with a fixed-point fidelity. Importantly, at this fixed point, fidelity can be further enhanced by tuning the nonequilibrium parameters. These findings offer crucial insights for the implementation of quantum communication protocols in realistic environments, demonstrating that nonequilibrium conditions not only improve the fidelity but also present a promising avenue for simplifying practical quantum teleportation schemes.
In this work, we study quantum teleportation, a fundamental protocol of quantum physics. In particular, we present a mathematical methodology to study the combined effects of noisy resource state and noisy classical communication on teleportation fidelity and its deviation. We describe a teleportation protocol where an arbitrary two-qubit state in canonical form is used as a resource. Thereafter, to teleport an unknown qubit, Alice measures her qubits in Bell basis and conveys the measurement outcome to Bob via noisy classical channel(s). We derive the exact formulae of optimal teleportation fidelity and corresponding fidelity deviation where the resource state and the classical communication, both can be noisy. To provide the proof of optimality, we provide a systematic method. We further find conditions for non-classical fidelity and dispersion-free teleportation for our teleportation protocol. In this way, we identify noisy environments where it is possible to achieve dispersion-free teleportation without compromising non-classical fidelity. We also demonstrate scenarios where the increase of entanglement in the resource state, may degrade the quality of teleportation — a counter-intuitive instance. Finally, we discuss about the minimum classical communication cost required to achieve non-classical fidelity for our protocol. Here we mainly focus on a possible way to optimize the classical communication cost.
Abstract Quantum teleportation as the key strategy for quantum communication requires pure maximally shared entangled states among quantum nodes. In practice, quantum decoherence drastically degrades the shared entanglement during entanglement distribution, which is a serious challenge for the development of quantum networks. However, most of the decoherence control strategies proposed thus far are either resource-intensive or time-consuming. To overcome this obstacle, we enable noise-resistant teleportation through a noisy channel with a limited number of qubits and without applying time-consuming weak measurements. We apply a quantum gate control unit consisting of a controlled NOT gate and a rotation gate after the original teleportation protocol is accomplished. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a teleportation fidelity of unity is attainable when environment-assisted measurement is added to the proposed teleportation protocol via quantum gates. Moreover, we present an entanglement distribution process by employing the designed quantum gate control unit followed by the deterministic standard teleportation protocol to improve teleportation fidelity by establishing improved shared entanglement. Our performance analysis indicates that the proposed teleportation schemes offer a competitive fidelity and success probability compared with the conventional schemes and a recent weak measurement-based teleportation protocol.
Quantum teleportation have a central role in quantum information science and allows transferring of an unknown quantum state through entanglement and classical communication. Unfortunately, the interaction with external and internal noise severely affects the quality of teleportation and poses limitations on practical applications of quantum communication networks. In this work, instead of conventional Bell teleportation, we introduce a Machine Learned adaptive protocol for optimizing multiple components of Quantum Teleportation in order to achieve higher fidelity in various noise environments. In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme, we study three different noise models, including bit-flip, amplitude damping, and depolarizing noise, both in case of single-qubit and two-qubit channels. As a result, we observe substantial improvement in the teleportation fidelity in comparison to the classical Bell-state teleportation protocol in certain noise conditions. Furthermore, the machine-learned protocol reveals a nontrivial strategy for compensation of decoherence and information losses. In addition, obtained results indicate the flexibility and reliability of the proposed framework for implementing various adaptive quantum communications while shedding light on possibilities of discovery of optimal quantum algorithms by means of automated approache
We extend the research program initiated in [Phys. Rev. A 92, 012338 (2015)] from noisy deterministic teleportation protocols to noisy probabilistic (conditional) protocols. Our main goal now is to study how we can increase the fidelity of the teleported state in the presence of noise by working with probabilistic protocols. We work with several scenarios involving the most common types of noise in realistic implementations of quantum communication tasks and find many cases where adding more noise to the probabilistic protocol increases considerably the fidelity of the teleported state, without decreasing the probability of a successful run of the protocol. Also, there are cases where the entanglement of the channel connecting Alice and Bob leading to the greatest fidelity is not maximal. Moreover, there exist cases where the optimal fidelity for the probabilistic protocols are greater than the maximal fidelity (2/3) achievable by using only classical resources, while the optimal ones for the deterministic protocols under the same conditions lie below this limit. This result clearly illustrates that in some cases we can only get a truly quantum teleportation if we use probabilistic instead of deterministic protocols.