Heterogeneous CPU-GPU-Quantum Accelerator
Seham Al Abdul Wahid, Arghavan Asad, Rupinder Kaur +3 more
The drastic growth of data generation by companies such as Google and Facebook, the widespread integration of IoT devices into everyday life, advancements in artificial intelligence, and the rise of social media platforms are driving a shift from model-driven to data-driven science. This surge in data created a need for massively parallel accelerators such as graphics processing units (GPU). High Performance Computing (HPC) are required to accommodate the growing complexity of data-driven technologies. HPC demands are anticipated to reach exascale levels within this decade. Since 2004, three waves of high-performance accelerators have driven advancements in HPC: the first wave introduced Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), the second wave brought General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs), and the third wave focused on machine learning specific GPUs. Recent research reveals that quantum processing units (QPUs) have the potential to be the fourth wave of high-performance acceleration in the near future. However, as Quantum Computing is still in its early stages, its practical and useful quantum computation is yet to be developed. In this paper, a heterogeneous CPU-GPU-QPU (HCGQ) accelerator is proposed. The accelerator is based on an input size threshold, where the CPU assigns smaller input sizes workloads to the GPU, and larger input sizes to the QPU. This dynamic workload allocation is realized entirely through software-level integration. Using the searching algorithm and deep neural networks as benchmarks, it was observed that the HCGQ accelerator outperformed standalone GPUs and QPUs in terms of speed and energy efficiency.
•Sep 17, 2025•1 citation