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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Cross-Correlations in the Process of Inelastic Scattering of Bichromatic Light on a Ξ System

Ya. T. Shneidman, S. A. Gunin, A. Yu. Dmitriev, Gleb Fedorov, O. V. Astafiev

Published Nov 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We address the contributions of cross-correlation functions to the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a three-level Ξ-system subjected to resonant bichromatic excitation. These contributions involve the sequential emission of two photons from each of the excited transitions. The cross-correlation functions demonstrate mutual coherence of the emitted frequency separated fields. The contribution to the scattered radiation in the presence of non-stationary processes is also considered. It is shown that the processes contributing to the cross-correlation determine the photon bunching for both excited transitions.

DOI
10.1134/s0021364025608462

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We address the contributions of cross-correlation functions to the resonance fluorescence spectrum of a three-level Ξ-system subjected to resonant bichromatic excitation. These contributions involve the sequential emission of two photons from each of the excited transitions. The cross-correlation functions demonstrate mutual coherence of the emitted frequency separated fields. The contribution to the scattered radiation in the presence of non-stationary processes is also considered. It is shown that the processes contributing to the cross-correlation determine the photon bunching for both excited transitions.
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We have studied the fluorescence spectra arising from the interaction of a three-level atom with two strong electromagnetic fields whose initially populated modes are equal to the two atomic transition frequencies, respectively. The Green's function formalism has been used to calculate the excitation spectrum of the system. An expression for the spectral function describing the excitation spectrum of the system has been derived in a closed form in the limit of high photon densities. Numerical computation of the expression for the spectral function indicates that at each transition frequency there may exist either one pair or two pairs or three pairs of sidebands, in addition to the central peak, depending upon the relative strength of the Rabi frequencies involved.
It has been predicted that when fluorescent photons emitted from an atom in the process of resonance fluorescence interfere with a portion of the coherent driving field, the visibility of the resulting interference exhibits nonclassical features and is zero at the moment when the atom is fully excited and when the fluorescent intensity is greatest.1 We show theoretically that a similar conclusion applies to interference between the fluorescent photons and the elastically scattered part of the driving field, which can be separated out with narrow band filters in practice. This involves the calculation of certain fourth order, three-time correlation functions that have not previously been studied. A possible application of the theory to an interference experiment will be discussed.
The authors give a theoretical description of the spectrally resolved intensity correlations of an electromagnetic field, in analogy with the definition of the physical time-dependent spectrum. The results are applied to evaluate the time correlations between the three lines in the spectrum of resonance fluorescence of a two-level atom. The authors include the possibility of a finite bandwidth of the incident radiation, and they allow for collisions with perturber atoms. Photons in the central Rayleigh line are emitted in a fully random fashion, without any correlation with previous or subsequent emissions. Two photons from the same sideband display antibunching in time, whereas two photons from opposite sidebands tend to bunch with a strong asymmetry in time. The effect of collisions and of a finite bandwidth is to diminish this asymmetry.