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Laser Physics Letters

Violation of the no-signaling constraint by using local discrimination of quantum measurements

You-bang Zhan

Published Dec 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The discrimination of quantum measurements is an important aspect of quantum information processes. In this paper we present a novel protocol for local quantum measurement discrimination (LQMD) via selective projective measurements with numerous multi-qubit GHz entangled states. In this protocol, we assume that there is no classical channel between two space-like separated parties (Alice and Bob). To ensure that their operations proceed in an orderly fashion they agree that Alice measures her qubits before a specified time while Bob measures his after this time. Furthermore, a method for comparing measurement results is employed, that is, after Alice’s measurement, Bob does not calculate the reduced density matrix of his system but compares the probability of all his qubits being in states | 0 ⟩ or | 1 ⟩ after measuring his qubits under the basis { | 0 ⟩ , | 1 ⟩ } . It is shown that after this the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-qubit GHz entangled states and selective projective measurements without the help of classical information. This means that that no-signaling constraint can be violated by LQMD.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/ae2ab8

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Abstract The discrimination of quantum measurements is an important aspect of quantum information processes. In this paper we present a novel protocol for local quantum measurement discrimination (LQMD) via selective projective measurements with numerous multi-qubit GHz entangled states. In this protocol, we assume that there is no classical channel between two space-like separated parties (Alice and Bob). To ensure that their operations proceed in an orderly fashion they agree that Alice measures her qubits before a specified time while Bob measures his after this time. Furthermore, a method for comparing measurement results is employed, that is, after Alice’s measurement, Bob does not calculate the reduced density matrix of his system but compares the probability of all his qubits being in states | 0 ⟩ or | 1 ⟩ after measuring his qubits under the basis { | 0 ⟩ , | 1 ⟩ } . It is shown that after this the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-qubit GHz entangled states and selective projective measurements without the help of classical information. This means that that no-signaling constraint can be violated by LQMD.
The discrimination of quantum measurements is an important subject of quantum information processes. In this paper we present a novel protocol for local quantum measurement discrimination (LQMD) with multi-qubit entanglement systems. It is shown that, for two space-like separated parties, the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-qubit GHZ entangled states and selective projective measurements without help of classical information. This means that no-signaling constraint can be violated by the LQMD.
The discrimination of quantum measurements is an important subject of quantum information processes. In this paper we present a novel protocol for local quantum measurement discrimination (LQMD) with multi-qubit entanglement systems. It is shown that, for two spacelike separated parties, the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-qubit GHZ entangled states and selective projective measurements without help of classical information. This means that no-signaling constraint can be violated by the LQMD.
The discrimination of quantum operations is an important subject of quantum information processes. For the local distinction, existing researches pointed out that, since any operation performed on a quantum system must be compatible with no-signaling constraint, local discrimination between quantum operations of two spacelike separated parties cannot be realized. We found that, however, local discrimination of quantum measurements may be not restricted by the no-signaling if more multi-qubit entanglement and selective measurements were employed. In this paper we report that local quantum measurement discrimination (LQMD) can be completed via selective projective measurements and numerous seven-qubit GHZ states without help of classical communication if both two observers agreed in advance that one of them should measure her/his qubits before an appointed time. As an application, it is shown that the teleportation can be completed via the LQMD without classical information. This means that the superluminal communication can be realized by using the LQMD.
The discrimination of quantum measurements is an important subject of quantum information processes. In this paper we present a novel protocol for local quantum measurement discrimination with multi-qubit entanglement systems. It is shown that, in the case of Bob did not know Alice's result of measurement, if both two observers (Alice and Bob) agreed in advance that Alice should measure her qubits before an appointed time t, the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-qubit GHZ entangled states and selective projective measurement.
Quantum state discrimination is a fundamental information processing task that serves as a key component in many applications while also carrying foundational significance. In this work, we consider minimum error discrimination of multi-copy states, where instead of preparing a single system we assume that multiple instances of the same state are prepared. Now the discrimination allows for measurements from multiple parties with different measurement strategies varying from global measurement strategy to ones restricted to different forms of local operations and classical communication strategies. By comparing the average success probabilities in quantum and classical cases, we find a qubit strategy that outperforms all the bit strategies. On the other hand, we show that the classical measurement strategy does not give benefit in qubit over bit. However, we find that there are other (qu)bit-like operational theories which can outperform the best qubit strategies even with a classical measurement strategy and we are able to identify instances of different theories where different measurement strategies are optimal. In this way, we are able to find instances of nonlocality without entanglement as well as provide general bounds for bit-like operational theories.
The distinction of quantum measurements is one of the fundamentally important problems in quantum information science. In this paper we present a novel protocol for distinguishing local quantum measurement (DLQM) with multi-particle entanglement systems. It is shown that, for two spacelike separated parties, the local discrimination of two different kinds of measurement can be completed via numerous eight-particle GHZ entangled states and selective projective measurements without help of classical information. This means that no-signaling constraint can be violated by the DLQM.