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Chapman & Hall/CRC eBooks

Bidirectional Teleportation Protocols

Binayak S. Choudhury, Soumen Samanta

Published Dec 10, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this chapter, the bidirectional teleportation process is described which is mutual exchange of quantum states between two distant parties connected through entanglement. Here, both parties act as sender and receiver. Bidirectional teleportation schemes of various kinds have been discussed in works like [ 19 , 46 , 59 , 137 , 159 , 160 , 162 , 166 , 203 ].

DOI
10.1201/9781003561439-10

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In this chapter, the bidirectional teleportation process is described which is mutual exchange of quantum states between two distant parties connected through entanglement. Here, both parties act as sender and receiver. Bidirectional teleportation schemes of various kinds have been discussed in works like [ 19 , 46 , 59 , 137 , 159 , 160 , 162 , 166 , 203 ].
Abstract A bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol is proposed for the transfer of two-qubit entangled states between two parties utilizing a six-qubit cluster state quantum channel. The protocol enhances the resource efficiency by allowing the reconstruction of teleported states without the use of CNOT operations or auxiliary qubits at the receiver’s end. Comparative analysis with existing schemes highlights the higher intrinsic efficiency of the proposed approach for bidirectional quantum teleportation. The protocol is further generalized to enable the bidirectional teleportation of arbitrary n-qubit entangled states using the same six-qubit quantum resource, demonstrating scalability. The protocol is simulated under various noise models to evaluate its robustness, with fidelity assessments carried out using the IBM Qiskit SDK. A complete teleportation circuit implementing the protocol is designed using standard quantum gates.
Since the first protocol of quantum teleportation based on an EPR pair was presented by Bennett et al. in 1993, it has become a hot topic in quantum communication. It is known that entanglement plays a key role in quantum teleportation. Various schemes of controlled quantum teleportation and bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation have been developed by using all kinds of multi-parties entangled states as a quantum channel, e.g. GHZ states, W states, 5-qubit cluster states, 6-qubit cluster states, 7-qubit cluster states, maximally entangled 5-qubit states, maximally entangled 6-qubit states, genuine entangled 6-qubit states, genuine entangled 7-qubit states, genuine entangled 8-qubit states. In this paper, a genuine entangled 9-qubit state is used as channel of quantum teleportation, and two schemes of bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation are proposed. One scheme is that with the control of Charlie Alice can transmit an arbitrary unknown qubit state to Bob and Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown 3-qubit state to Alice in the same time. Another scheme is that with the control of Charlie Alice and Bob can transmit an arbitrary unknown 2-qubit to each other simultaneously. Compared with the existed schemes, our scheme can transmit more qubits of arbitrary state in total by an entangled state, and the intrinsic efficiency of our scheme is maybe the best. Moreover, the genuine entangled 9-qubit state used in our scheme can be produced through some simple quantum unitary gates.
The protocols presented in this chapter are probabilistic teleportation protocols in which there are cases of failures with certain probabilities. Probabilistic teleportation schemes of various kinds have been discussed in works like [ 1 , 41 , 45 , 76 , 82 , 85 , 98 , 118 , 135 , 168 , 169 , 180 ]. Generally the quantum resources used in these protocols are not maximally entangled. This is one explanation for the probabilistic nature of these protocols. The justification of studying these protocols is that the generation and preservation of resources for these protocols are less difficult compared to that of those where maximally entangled states are used. Also, there is a class of resumable protocols in which the probabilistic teleportation process can be repeated in the case where the attempt fails in the first place [ 21 , 52 , 104 , 105 ].
Abstract We investigate bidirectional teleportation that works in a fair and efficient manner. Two explicit protocols are proposed to realize bidirectional teleportation with a controller. One is a symmetric protocol for two-qubit states. The other is an asymmetric protocol for single- and two-qubit states. We then devise a universal protocol for arbitrary n 1 - and n 2 -qubit states via a (2 n 1 + 2 n 2 + 1)-qubit entangled state, where n 1 ≤ n 2 . The receiver only needs to perform the single-qubit recovery operation, which is derived by a general expression. Moreover, a (2 n 1 + 1)-bit classical communication cost can be saved within the controller’s broadcast channel by the use of network coding technology.