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A lower energy bound for N-particles quantum systems

Kilić, S., Perši, T., Sunarić, S.

Published Jan 1, 1989• 0 citations
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Abstract

It has been shown that the ground state energy E₀ of a quantum system of N identical fermi particles satisfies inequality E₀ ≥ (1 / (N − n)) Σᵢⁿ⁻ⁿ εᵢ , (1) where n = 1, 2, …, N − 1 and εᵢ are the eigenvalues of “n + 1-body Hamiltonian”. The summation is performed over the first N − n states.

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Lower bounds to the ground-state energy of a system composed of N identical particles interacting by two-body forces (and possibly also with an external potential) are derived. They are expressed in terms of the ground-state energies of (simpler) systems composed of a smaller number of particles having masses and/or interactions different from the original ones. This reduction process may be continued all the way down to systems involving one and two particles only. The generalization to systems containing some identical and some distinguishable particles is also discussed.
A restriction on the choice of translation-invariant coordinates for a system of N identical fermions, interacting by pair forces, allows a lower bound to be established on the ground-state binding energy. This bound is the sum of the first N -1 eigenvalues of a two-particle problem. The quality of the method is found to depend on the choice of coordinates consistent with the initial restraint, the optimum set giving a bound which, in the case of Hooke's law pair forces, is [radical]3( N -1)/2( N +1) times the exact energy.
The well known and analytically solvable Lipkin–Meshkov–Glick model was devised to test several many-body approximation approaches used in nuclear physics. Here, we use this model to illustrate a method that sets lower bounds for the ground state energy of a quantum Hamiltonian. The idea of the method consists of dividing the Hamiltonian into identical groups of terms that represent subdivisions in the particle population of the system, and then to make an appropriate use of the ground energy of one of these groups. The bounds clearly improve as the size of these groups increases.