[EN] In a world in which accessible information grows exponentially, the selection of the appropriate information turns out to be an extremely relevant problem. In this context, the idea of Machine Learning (ML), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, emerged to face problems in data mining, pattern recognition, automatic prediction, among others. Quantum Machine Learning is an interdisciplinary research area combining quantum mechanics with methods of ML, in which quantum properties allow for an exponential speed-up in the algorithms. This field is currently one of the main research areas in companies like Google and Microsoft, due to the revolution that they could provide in data management.
[EN] In a world in which accessible information grows exponentially, the selection of the appropriate information turns out to be an extremely relevant problem. In this context, the idea of Machine Learning (ML), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, emerged to face problems in data mining, pattern recognition, automatic prediction, among others. Quantum Machine Learning is an interdisciplinary research area combining quantum mechanics with methods of ML, in which quantum properties allow for an exponential speed-up in the algorithms. This field is currently one of the main research areas in companies like Google and Microsoft, due to the revolution that they could provide in data management.
In the realm of artificial intelligence (AI), the integration of quantum computing with machine learning (ML) has sparked a significant shift in how we approach problems that were once deemed computationally infeasible. Quantum Machine Learning (QML) represents an exciting intersection of quantum mechanics and machine learning, potentially revolutionizing areas such as optimization, pattern recognition, and data analysis. Although quantum computing itself is still in its infancy, the synergy between quantum theory and classical machine learning algorithms promises to unlock new capabilities that classical computing could never achieve. This paper delves into the latest advancements in Quantum Machine Learning, its theoretical underpinnings, practical applications, and the challenges that researchers face as they explore this rapidly growing field.
Quantum machine learning unites two of the most contentious subfields in science: quantum computing and classical machine learning. Quantum machine learning is the study of how to solve machine learning problems using insights from quantum mechanics. As more and more information accumulates, the capacity of existing computing machines to successfully train it onto a conventional computation model is stretched to its limits. Quantum computing could be helpful for continuous training with large datasets. When developing learning algorithms, quantum machine learning aims to do so much more quickly than traditional methods. Finding patterns in data and using those patterns to predict the future is at the heart of traditional machine learning. The data can be mined for insights like these. Quantum systems, on either extreme, generate unusual patterns those conventional systems cannot, implying that quantum computers might be able to outpace traditional CPUs in ML tasks. This chapter discusses the past research on quantum machine learning and an update on its current state.
Over the past decade, the field of Classical Machine Learning has experienced rapid growth, primarily driven by the widespread adoption of the internet and the increasing interconnectivity of digital devices.This expansion has led to the generation of vast volumes of data requiring effective analysis and processing.Machine Learning, as a subfield of Artificial Intelligence, leverages tools mainly from Statistics to identify patterns and extract meaningful insights from data without the need for explicit programming.At the same time, Quantum Computing introduces a fundamentally different paradigm for information processing, utilizing principles of Quantum Mechanics, such as superposition and entanglement.The convergence of these two scientific domains has given rise to the emerging field of Quantum Machine Learning.The present thesis aims to investigate whether the integration of Machine Learning and Quantum Computing can offer tangible advancements in the efficiency and performance of Artificial Intelligence systems.Based on current research findings, this study explores the potential, advantages, and limitations of this interdisciplinary approach, as well as its prospects for development in the coming years.
Quantum information technologies, on the one hand, and intelligent learning systems, on the other, are both emergent technologies that are likely to have a transformative impact on our society in the future. The respective underlying fields of basic research-quantum information versus machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI)-have their own specific questions and challenges, which have hitherto been investigated largely independently. However, in a growing body of recent work, researchers have been probing the question of the extent to which these fields can indeed learn and benefit from each other. Quantum ML explores the interaction between quantum computing and ML, investigating how results and techniques from one field can be used to solve the problems of the other. Recently we have witnessed significant breakthroughs in both directions of influence. For instance, quantum computing is finding a vital application in providing speed-ups for ML problems, critical in our 'big data' world. Conversely, ML already permeates many cutting-edge technologies and may become instrumental in advanced quantum technologies. Aside from quantum speed-up in data analysis, or classical ML optimization used in quantum experiments, quantum enhancements have also been (theoretically) demonstrated for interactive learning tasks, highlighting the potential of quantum-enhanced learning agents. Finally, works exploring the use of AI for the very design of quantum experiments and for performing parts of genuine research autonomously, have reported their first successes. Beyond the topics of mutual enhancement-exploring what ML/AI can do for quantum physics and vice versa-researchers have also broached the fundamental issue of quantum generalizations of learning and AI concepts. This deals with questions of the very meaning of learning and intelligence in a world that is fully described by quantum mechanics. In this review, we describe the main ideas, recent developments and progress in a broad spectrum of research investigating ML and AI in the quantum domain.
Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence, and it has been widely used in many science and engineering areas, such as data mining, natural language processing, computer vision, biological analysis, and so on. Quantum computer is considered as one of the most promising technologies of human beings in the near future. With the development of machine learning and quantum computing, researchers consider to combine these two aspects to gain more benefits. As a result, a novel interdisciplinary subject has emerged—quantum machine learning. This article reviews the state-of-the-art research of algorithms of quantum machine learning and shows a path of the research from the basic quantum information to quantum machine learning algorithms from the perspective of people in the field of computer science.
Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of quantum mechanics with machine learning algorithms, offering promising solutions to complex computational problems. This paper provides an extensive introduction to quantum machine learning, exploring the synergies between artificial intelligence and quantum technology. It begins by elucidating the foundational concepts of quantum computing, including quantum bits (qubits), quantum gates, superposition, and entanglement. Subsequently, the paper delves into the basic principles of machine learning and the challenges faced by classical methods in handling large-scale data and solving computationally intensive tasks. With a strong foundation in place, the focus shifts towards the integration of quantum mechanics with machine learning, showcasing the advantages and potential breakthroughs QML offers over classical approaches. The exploration of quantum algorithms for machine learning, such as quantum support vector machines (QSVM), quantum neural networks (QNN), and quantum variational algorithms, reveals the power of quantum-enhanced techniques in data classification, regression, and clustering.