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Springer eBooks

Nonlinear Superconductive Electronics and Josephson Devices

Giovanni Costabile, S. Pagano, Niels Falsig Pedersen, M. Russo

Published Jan 1, 1991• 59 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4615-3852-3

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The development of superconducting electronics requires careful characterization of the components that makeup electronic circuits. Superconducting weak links are the building blocks of most superconducting electronic components and are characterized by highly nonlinear current-to-phase relations (CPRs), which are often not perfectly known. Recent research has found that the Josephson diode effect (JDE) can be related to the high harmonic content of the current-to-phase relation of the weak links embedded in superconducting interferometers. This makes the JDE a natural tool for exploring the harmonic content of weak links beyond single-harmonic CPR. In this study, we present the theoretical model and experimental characterization of a double-loop superconducting quantum interference device (DL-SQUID) that embeds all-metallic superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junctions. The proposed device exhibits the JDE due to the interference of the supercurrents of three weak links in parallel, and this feature can be adjusted through two magnetic fluxes, which act as experimental knobs. We carry out a theoretical study of the device in terms of the relative weight of the interferometer arms and the experimental characterization concerning flux tunability and temperature.
Recent years have seen rapid advances in our ability to harness, manipulate, or enhance quantum effects within artificial nanostructures and electronic metamaterials. Synthetic materials, including nanopatterned electronic structures, Moir´e materials, and quantum hetero-structures, can enable the bottom-up functional engineering of electronic band structure, electron-phonon interactions, thermal transport, kinetic nonlinearity, and other material properties. In turn, such functional materials engineering, when applied to superconducting nanoelectronics, can lead to enhanced functionalities and new operating regimes in devices ranging from SC qubits for quantum information science, single-photon detectors, quantum-limited parametric amplifiers, and millimeterwave quantum technologies. We propose to develop a new class of quantum-limited parametric amplifiers, based on superconducting (SC) Josephson metamaterials with strong and tailor-able nonlinearity in the microwave regime. Our innovation is in the establishment of a fundamentally new light-matter interacting system, through the unique combination of SC Josephson nonlinear metamaterials and surface magnon-polariton resonators.
Superconducting electronic devices have reemerged as contenders for both classical and quantum computing due to their fast operation speeds, low dissipation, and long coherence times. An ultimate demonstration of coherence is lasing. We use one of the fundamental aspects of superconductivity, the ac Josephson effect, to demonstrate a laser made from a Josephson junction strongly coupled to a multimode superconducting cavity. A dc voltage bias applied across the junction provides a source of microwave photons, and the circuit's nonlinearity allows for efficient down-conversion of higher-order Josephson frequencies to the cavity's fundamental mode. The simple fabrication and operation allows for easy integration with a range of quantum devices, allowing for efficient on-chip generation of coherent microwave photons at low temperatures.