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WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks

Advances in energy transfer processes : proceedings of the 16th course of the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Erice, Sicily, Italy, 17 June-1 July, 1999

Molecular Spectroscopy, Baldassare Di Bartolo, Xuesheng Chen

Published Jan 1, 2001• 3 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Fundamental interactions leading to energy transfer, B. Di Bartolo energy transfer processes in atoms and molecules, W. Demtroder et al advances in the techniques for the study of energy transfer, D. Hulin upconversion phenomena with laser applications, X. Chen new applications of ultrafast spectroscopy, J.M. Hvam efficient solid state lasers, N.P. Barnes emission efficiency and energy transfer in colour centres at high concentrations, G. Baldacchini four-wave mixing studies of energy transfer processes, G. Boulon upconventional light emissions in rare-earth doped solids, F. Auzel photonic molecular and supramolecular devices, J.M. Lehn reflections on the theory of everything, G. Costa earthquakes, measurements, and mitigation of seismic risk, R. Console site selectivity of defects in III-V compounds by local mode spectroscopy and model calculations, D.N. Talwar the general non-radiative energy transfer master equations for crystalline materials, the exact solution and current modelling, L.A. Diaz-Torres et al and other papers.

Related papers

Nonlinear Spectroscopy: Proceedings of the International School of Physics ‘Enrico Fermi’ Course LXIV, Varenna on Lake Como, Italy, 30 June–12 July 1975

GEOFFREY DUXBURY

N Bloembergen (ed) Amsterdam: North Holland 1977 pp xii + 455 price $61.25 This course on nonlinear spectroscopy is a worthy successor to other laser and maser courses, dating back to course XVII, ‘Topics in radiofrequency spectroscopy’. As with the other courses, these proceedings have been carefully edited and assembled into a coherent volume.

Physics Bulletin•Dec 1, 1977•1 citation

THEORY OF ENERGY TRANSFER PROCESSES IN SOLIDS: MODES, COHERENT– AND NON–MARKOVIAN PROPERTIES

R. v. Baltz

•Nov 1, 2001•4 citations

Luminescent instabilities and nonradiative processes in rare earth systems.

Shawn M. Redmond

This research is an outgrowth of earlier experiments that demonstrated bistable luminescence in heavy metal halide crystals doped with trivalent ytterbium ions. This type of instability has importance as a fundamentally new physical phenomenon with a potential application for fast all-optical switching as well as a limitation on compact solid state laser performance. In this thesis, the investigation of luminescent instabilities is extended to bistable energy transfer processes in crystals and to the observation of bistable blackbody emission in rare earth nanopowders. High resolution laser spectroscopy was used to study bistable luminescence and energy transfer in Yb,Er:CsCdBr3 crystals at cryogenic temperatures. For the first time, it was found that bistable behavior associated with Yb 3+ ions was transferred to Er 3+ through resonant energy transfer. Bistability of the resulting sensitized luminescence caused sufficiently dramatic changes in the crystal dynamics so as to change the color of emission from yellow to green. This color changing phenomenon is fully explained in the present work and is referred to as chromatic switching. Temperature is a critical variable that is known to govern luminescent instabilities in all current theories. Therefore, in a search for new systems with luminescent instabilities at high temperatures, materials with extreme thermal properties were investigated as part of this research. Yb,Er:Y 2O3 nanopowders were selected for this purpose. Nanopowders exhibit greatly reduced thermal conductivity and were verified during the course of this work to cause enhanced absorption as the result of multiple scattering. Significant spectral differences between Yb,Er:Y2O 3 nanopowders and single crystals also emerged. Measurements of erbium upconversion luminescence versus pump intensity in resonance with the ytterbium absorption transition revealed striking new optical phenomena: strong luminescent quenching, intense bistable blackbody emission, and the formation of single crystal micro-tubes directly from powder samples. A simple theoretical model was successfully developed to explain all these optical effects by a detailed balance approach to thermal transport that explicitly included erbium and ytterbium atomic level occupation probabilities, blackbody radiation and radiation trapping. Calculations of nanopowder sample luminescence accurately reproduced experimentally observed quenching, the onset of blackbody emission, bistability and details of hysteresis loops. The model also predicted that absorbed powers of less than 15 mW could melt yttria nanopowders (melting point = 2410°C), again in agreement with experiments. This work is expected to enable new approaches to laser processing of ceramics and laser machining of reflective metals, notably aluminum, using low power lasers.

•Jan 1, 2003•3 citations

Numerical simulation of laser pulse propagation in rare-earth-doped materials

Karl W. Beeson, Evgueni Parilov, Mary J. Potasek

We describe a general numerical method for calculating short-pulse laser propagation in rare-earth-doped materials, which are very important as gain materials for solid-state lasers, fiber lasers and optical amplifiers. The split-step, finite difference method simultaneously calculates changes in the laser pulse as it propagates through the material and calculates the dynamic populations of the rare-earth energy levels at any position within the material and for times during and after the laser pulse has passed through the material. Many traditional theoretical and numerical analyses of laser pulse propagation involve approximations and assumptions that limit their applicability to a narrow range of problems. Our numerical method, however, is more comprehensive and includes the processes of single- and multi-photon absorption, excited state absorption (ESA), energy transfer, upconversion, stimulated emission, cross relaxation, radiative relaxation and non-radiative relaxation. In the models, the rare-earth dopants can have an arbitrary number of energy levels. We are able to calculate the electron population density of every electronic level as a function of, for example, pulse energy, dopant concentration and sample thickness. We compare our theoretical results to published experimental results for rare-earth ions such as Er3+, Yb3+, Tm3+ and Ho3+.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Feb 1, 2012•2 citations

From Atomic to Mesoscale

Svetlana Malinovskaya, Irina V. Novikova

Collective Phenomena and Long-range Interactions in Ultracold Atoms and Molecules: Quantum Magnetism with Ultracold Molecules (M L Wall, K R A Hazzard and A M Rey) Optical Manipulation of Light Scattering in Cold Atomic Rubidium (R G Olave, A L Win, K Kemp, S J Roof, S Balik, M D Havey, I M Sokolov and D V Kupriyanov) Seeing Spin Dynamics in Atomic Gases (D M Stamper-Kurn) Atom-like Coherent Solid State Systems: Precision Magnetic Sensing and Imaging Using NV-Diamond (R L Walsworth) Entanglement and Quantum Optics with Quantum Dots (A P Burgers, J R Schaibley and D G Steel) Coherent Nanophotonics and Plasmonics: Enhancement of Single-Photon Sources with Metamaterials (M Y Shalaginov, S Bogdanov, V V Vorobyov, A Lagutchev, A V Kildishev, A V Akimov, A Boltasseva and V M Shalaev) Linear Optical Properties of Periodic Hybrid Materials at Oblique Incidence: A Numerical Approach (A Blake and M Sukharev) Fundamental Physics: An Introduction to Boson-Sampling (B T Gard, K R Motes, J P Olson, P P Rohde and J P Dowling) New approach to quantum amplification by superradiant emission of radiation (G Shchedrin, Y Rostovtsev, X Zhang and M O Scully) Ultrafast Dynamics in Strong Laser Fields: Circularly Polarized Attosecond Pulses and Molecular Atto-Magnetism (A D Bandrauk and K-J Yuan) Many-Electron Response of Gas-Phase Fullerene Materials to UV and Soft X-ray Photons (H S Chakraborty and M Magrakvelidze) Ultracold Chemistry: Collisions and Reactions in Ultracold Gases (N Balakrishnan and J Hazra)

WORLD SCIENTIFIC eBooks•Mar 10, 2015•8 citations

Energy Transfer and Cooperative Optical Transitions in Rare-Earth Doped Inorganic Materials. III. Dominant Transfer Mechanism

Takashi Kushida

Estimations are made of the critical concentration of energy-acceptor ions for which the average efficiency of the excitation transfer from energy-donor ions is 1/2. This gives a measure of the activator concentration at which Inokuti and Hirayama's theory is no longer applicable. Study is also made of the dominant multipole interaction responsible for the energy transfer between rare earth ions in inorganic solids. Finally, importance of the J -selection rule in the determination of the dominant interaction term in the resonance transfer and cooperative processes is emphasized.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•May 1, 1973•43 citations
Fundamental interactions leading to energy transfer, B. Di Bartolo energy transfer processes in atoms and molecules, W. Demtroder et al advances in the techniques for the study of energy transfer, D. Hulin upconversion phenomena with laser applications, X. Chen new applications of ultrafast spectroscopy, J.M. Hvam efficient solid state lasers, N.P. Barnes emission efficiency and energy transfer in colour centres at high concentrations, G. Baldacchini four-wave mixing studies of energy transfer processes, G. Boulon upconventional light emissions in rare-earth doped solids, F. Auzel photonic molecular and supramolecular devices, J.M. Lehn reflections on the theory of everything, G. Costa earthquakes, measurements, and mitigation of seismic risk, R. Console site selectivity of defects in III-V compounds by local mode spectroscopy and model calculations, D.N. Talwar the general non-radiative energy transfer master equations for crystalline materials, the exact solution and current modelling, L.A. Diaz-Torres et al and other papers.
This research is an outgrowth of earlier experiments that demonstrated bistable luminescence in heavy metal halide crystals doped with trivalent ytterbium ions. This type of instability has importance as a fundamentally new physical phenomenon with a potential application for fast all-optical switching as well as a limitation on compact solid state laser performance. In this thesis, the investigation of luminescent instabilities is extended to bistable energy transfer processes in crystals and to the observation of bistable blackbody emission in rare earth nanopowders. High resolution laser spectroscopy was used to study bistable luminescence and energy transfer in Yb,Er:CsCdBr3 crystals at cryogenic temperatures. For the first time, it was found that bistable behavior associated with Yb 3+ ions was transferred to Er 3+ through resonant energy transfer. Bistability of the resulting sensitized luminescence caused sufficiently dramatic changes in the crystal dynamics so as to change the color of emission from yellow to green. This color changing phenomenon is fully explained in the present work and is referred to as chromatic switching. Temperature is a critical variable that is known to govern luminescent instabilities in all current theories. Therefore, in a search for new systems with luminescent instabilities at high temperatures, materials with extreme thermal properties were investigated as part of this research. Yb,Er:Y 2O3 nanopowders were selected for this purpose. Nanopowders exhibit greatly reduced thermal conductivity and were verified during the course of this work to cause enhanced absorption as the result of multiple scattering. Significant spectral differences between Yb,Er:Y2O 3 nanopowders and single crystals also emerged. Measurements of erbium upconversion luminescence versus pump intensity in resonance with the ytterbium absorption transition revealed striking new optical phenomena: strong luminescent quenching, intense bistable blackbody emission, and the formation of single crystal micro-tubes directly from powder samples. A simple theoretical model was successfully developed to explain all these optical effects by a detailed balance approach to thermal transport that explicitly included erbium and ytterbium atomic level occupation probabilities, blackbody radiation and radiation trapping. Calculations of nanopowder sample luminescence accurately reproduced experimentally observed quenching, the onset of blackbody emission, bistability and details of hysteresis loops. The model also predicted that absorbed powers of less than 15 mW could melt yttria nanopowders (melting point = 2410°C), again in agreement with experiments. This work is expected to enable new approaches to laser processing of ceramics and laser machining of reflective metals, notably aluminum, using low power lasers.
We describe a general numerical method for calculating short-pulse laser propagation in rare-earth-doped materials, which are very important as gain materials for solid-state lasers, fiber lasers and optical amplifiers. The split-step, finite difference method simultaneously calculates changes in the laser pulse as it propagates through the material and calculates the dynamic populations of the rare-earth energy levels at any position within the material and for times during and after the laser pulse has passed through the material. Many traditional theoretical and numerical analyses of laser pulse propagation involve approximations and assumptions that limit their applicability to a narrow range of problems. Our numerical method, however, is more comprehensive and includes the processes of single- and multi-photon absorption, excited state absorption (ESA), energy transfer, upconversion, stimulated emission, cross relaxation, radiative relaxation and non-radiative relaxation. In the models, the rare-earth dopants can have an arbitrary number of energy levels. We are able to calculate the electron population density of every electronic level as a function of, for example, pulse energy, dopant concentration and sample thickness. We compare our theoretical results to published experimental results for rare-earth ions such as Er3+, Yb3+, Tm3+ and Ho3+.
Collective Phenomena and Long-range Interactions in Ultracold Atoms and Molecules: Quantum Magnetism with Ultracold Molecules (M L Wall, K R A Hazzard and A M Rey) Optical Manipulation of Light Scattering in Cold Atomic Rubidium (R G Olave, A L Win, K Kemp, S J Roof, S Balik, M D Havey, I M Sokolov and D V Kupriyanov) Seeing Spin Dynamics in Atomic Gases (D M Stamper-Kurn) Atom-like Coherent Solid State Systems: Precision Magnetic Sensing and Imaging Using NV-Diamond (R L Walsworth) Entanglement and Quantum Optics with Quantum Dots (A P Burgers, J R Schaibley and D G Steel) Coherent Nanophotonics and Plasmonics: Enhancement of Single-Photon Sources with Metamaterials (M Y Shalaginov, S Bogdanov, V V Vorobyov, A Lagutchev, A V Kildishev, A V Akimov, A Boltasseva and V M Shalaev) Linear Optical Properties of Periodic Hybrid Materials at Oblique Incidence: A Numerical Approach (A Blake and M Sukharev) Fundamental Physics: An Introduction to Boson-Sampling (B T Gard, K R Motes, J P Olson, P P Rohde and J P Dowling) New approach to quantum amplification by superradiant emission of radiation (G Shchedrin, Y Rostovtsev, X Zhang and M O Scully) Ultrafast Dynamics in Strong Laser Fields: Circularly Polarized Attosecond Pulses and Molecular Atto-Magnetism (A D Bandrauk and K-J Yuan) Many-Electron Response of Gas-Phase Fullerene Materials to UV and Soft X-ray Photons (H S Chakraborty and M Magrakvelidze) Ultracold Chemistry: Collisions and Reactions in Ultracold Gases (N Balakrishnan and J Hazra)
Estimations are made of the critical concentration of energy-acceptor ions for which the average efficiency of the excitation transfer from energy-donor ions is 1/2. This gives a measure of the activator concentration at which Inokuti and Hirayama's theory is no longer applicable. Study is also made of the dominant multipole interaction responsible for the energy transfer between rare earth ions in inorganic solids. Finally, importance of the J -selection rule in the determination of the dominant interaction term in the resonance transfer and cooperative processes is emphasized.