Dynamics During Spectroscopic Transitions: Basic Concepts

Newtonian Mechanics, theory of Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics, together with Maxwellian Newtonian Mechanics, theory of Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics, together with Maxwellian Electrodynamics are basically what constitute Classical Physics. Classical Physics was developed and successfully applied to describe the motions of macroscopic bodies like planetary systems and other every day phenomena. It also described electromagnetic field and its interaction with matter. The development of classical physics was almost complete by the early twentieth century. With the discovery of subatomic particles, radioactivity and X-rays and also the accumulation of data on the spectrum of Black Body Radiation and other spectroscopic studies, it became imperative to invoke new concepts and ideas. Thus Quantum Mechanics, the fundamental theory of the physical world was formulated.Newtonian Mechanics, theory of Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics, together with Maxwellian Newtonian Mechanics, theory of Elasticity and Fluid Dynamics, together with Maxwellian Electrodynamics are basically what constitute Classical Physics. Classical Physics was developed and successfully applied to describe the motions of macroscopic bodies like planetary systems and other every day phenomena. It also described electromagnetic field and its interaction with matter. The development of classical physics was almost complete by the early twentieth century. With the discovery of subatomic particles, radioactivity and X-rays and also the accumulation of data on the spectrum of Black Body Radiation and other spectroscopic studies, it became imperative to invoke new concepts and ideas. Thus Quantum Mechanics, the fundamental theory of the physical world was formulated.

CRC Press eBooksAug 19, 20190 citations

One- and two-dimensional ensemble quantum computing in spin Liouville space

Z. L. Mádi, Rafael Brüschweiler, Richard R. Ernst

New concepts are described for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) implementations of spin ensemble quantum computing in one and two dimensions. Similarities and differences between ensemble and pure state quantum computing are discussed by using a Liouville space formalism based on polarization and single transition operators. The introduction of an observer spin, that is coupled to the spins carrying the quantum bits, allows a mapping of the states of a quantum computer on a set of transitions between energy levels. This is spectroscopically favorable compared to a mapping on the energy levels themselves. Two complementary parallelization schemes for quantum computing are presented: one exploits the parallel processing feature inherent in multidimensional NMR, while the other employs mixed superposition states represented by operators in Liouville space. The spin swap operation, introduced in this paper, allows a convenient extension of quantum computing to spin systems where not all spin–spin couplings are resolved. The concepts are illustrated by implementations of logic operations and identities consisting of a sequence of basic logic gate operations.New concepts are described for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) implementations of spin ensemble quantum computing in one and two dimensions. Similarities and differences between ensemble and pure state quantum computing are discussed by using a Liouville space formalism based on polarization and single transition operators. The introduction of an observer spin, that is coupled to the spins carrying the quantum bits, allows a mapping of the states of a quantum computer on a set of transitions between energy levels. This is spectroscopically favorable compared to a mapping on the energy levels themselves. Two complementary parallelization schemes for quantum computing are presented: one exploits the parallel processing feature inherent in multidimensional NMR, while the other employs mixed superposition states represented by operators in Liouville space. The spin swap operation, introduced in this paper, allows a convenient extension of quantum computing to spin systems where not all spin–spin couplings are resolved. The concepts are illustrated by implementations of logic operations and identities consisting of a sequence of basic logic gate operations.

The Journal of Chemical PhysicsDec 22, 199892 citations

Optical spectroscopy of nP Rydberg states of Rb87 atoms with a 297-nm ultraviolet laser

Bo Li, Meng Li, Xiaojun Jiang +4 more

We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms to the $n{P}_{1/2}$ ( $n=34--52$ ) and $n{P}_{3/2}$ ( $n=34--90$ ) Rydberg states by performing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy in a vapor cell. Rydberg transitions were detected by monitoring the transmission of a 780-nm probe beam. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determined the fine-splitting intervals and oscillator-strength ratios of the $nP$ doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the $nP$ Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms to the $n{P}_{1/2}$ ($n=34--52$) and $n{P}_{3/2}$ ($n=34--90$) Rydberg states by performing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy in a vapor cell. Rydberg transitions were detected by monitoring the transmission of a 780-nm probe beam. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determined the fine-splitting intervals and oscillator-strength ratios of the $nP$ doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the $nP$ Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.

Physical Review AApr 5, 201917 citations

We report the measurement of the absolute transition frequencies of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms to the

n{P}_{1/2}

(

n=34--52

) and

n{P}_{3/2}

(

n=34--90

) Rydberg states by performing single-photon Rydberg excitation spectroscopy in a vapor cell. Rydberg transitions were detected by monitoring the transmission of a 780-nm probe beam. Based on the spectroscopic data, we determined the fine-splitting intervals and oscillator-strength ratios of the

nP

doublets and also extracted the quantum defects and ionization frequency. These results extend the spectroscopic information of the

nP

Rydberg series, providing basic knowledge for further applications to Rydberg atoms.