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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Improved Frequency Measurement of a One-Dimensional Optical Lattice Clock with a Spin-Polarized Fermionic ^ Sr Isotope(Atomic and molecular physics)

Masao Takamoto, Feng-Lei Hong, Ryoichi Higashi, Yasuhisa Fujii, Michito Imae, Hidetoshi Katori

Published Oct 15, 2006• 0 citations
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Journal of Physics Conference Series•Jan 10, 2011•2 citations
We demonstrate a one-dimensional optical lattice clock with a spin-polarized fermionic isotope designed to realize a collision-shift-free atomic clock with neutral atom ensembles. To reduce systematic uncertainties, we developed both Zeeman shift and vector light-shift cancellation techniques. By introducing both an H-maser and a Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase link, the absolute frequency of the 1S0(F=9/2)−3P0(F=9/2)^1S_0(F=9/2) - {}^3P_0(F=9/2)1S0​(F=9/2)−3P0​(F=9/2) clock transition of the 87^{87}87Sr optical lattice clock is determined as 429,228,004,229,875(4) Hz, where the uncertainty is mainly limited by that of the frequency link. The result indicates that the Sr lattice clock will play an important role in the scope of the redefinition of the ``second'' by optical frequency standards.
We discuss configurations of optical lattice clocks from the viewpoint of lattice geometries and quantum statistics of interrogated atoms. This leads to two promising schemes; one-dimensional lattice loaded with spin-polarized fermions and three-dimensional lattice loaded with bosons. These two optical lattice clocks based on fermionic87Sr and bosonic88Sr were demonstrated by measuring the frequency stability as well as their isotope shift. In addition, we address our ongoing experimental challenges for optical lattice clocks.
We consider designs of optical lattice clocks in view of the quantum statistics, relevant atomic spins, and atom-lattice interactions. The first two issues lead to two optimal constructions for the clock: a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice loaded with spin-polarized fermions and a 3D optical lattice loaded with bosons. By taking atomic multipolar interactions with the lattice fields into account, an "atomic motion insensitive" wavelength is proposed to provide a precise definition of the "magic wavelength." We then present a frequency comparison of these two optical lattice clocks: spin-polarized fermionic 87 Sr and bosonic 88 Sr prepared in 1D and 3D optical lattices, respectively. Synchronous interrogations of these two optical lattice clocks by the same probe laser allowed canceling out its frequency noise as a common mode noise to achieve a relative stability of 3 × 10 −17 for an averaging time of τ = 350 s. The scheme, therefore, provides us with a powerful means to investigate intrinsic uncertainty of the clocks regardless of the probe laser stability. We discuss prospects of the synchronous operation of the clocks on the measurement of the geoid height difference and on the search of constancy of fundamental constants.